The End of Gaelic Ireland and The Irish Brehon Law -- 1603 AD - 3

January 14th: Donnell Cam O Sullivan the Heberian Eoghanacht Chieftain of Beare in Co. Cork in Southern Munster and his remaining followers who had been forced to leave the Munster Province with him endeavouring to escape the English massacres there, finally reached their intended destination in Co. Leitrim in Northern Connacht, and after 14 days of unbelievable terror and bloodshed along the way, of the 1,000 people who had initially set out from Glengarriff with him, only 35, including 16 of the fighting men, 18 civilians and only one woman were now left among his group, but over the next few days more of the "survivors" would slowly wander in to the safety of Co. Leitrim also. Brian Oge - the Younger O Rourke who was now The O Rourke in his own right the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Breifne West Breifne Chief was still holding out there in Co. Leitrim against the unbridled savagery of the English Military forces of Elizabeth 1s the Welsh Tudor English Queen, although some of his own kinsman too had gone over to the English side to try and survive the never - ending onslaught, and he was also holding onto Dromhair / Drom Dha Eithiar (The Ridge of the Two Demons) on the River Bonet, which was the main seat of his Sept.

      Donnell Cam O Sullivan now went about trying to re - build up his own contingent of Irish forces again, making use of the remaining Spanish gold he still had, until he eventually had a company of 300 men, which he then combined with that of Brian Oge - the Younger Maguire the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Colla Da Crioch Chief of Co. Fermanagh who had his territory nearby in the south - west of the Ulster Province, and together they set out towards Loch Erne, situated 30 miles to the north - east of Co. Leitrim, but when they arrived there they discovered that not only Loch Erne, but the other fords that crossed over the River Erne, were being held by some of the other Maguire Septs, who had also gone over to the English side. They decided that it would be better to cross further down at Belturbet, in the territory of the O Reillys from the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Breifne Sept who had their kingdom of East Breifne in Co. Cavan in Southern Ulster, and on arriving they set up their camp there, along with their families, but this placed them behind enemy lines, and they soon came under attack, but were able to drive them off. With their regained courage they decided to besiege the English Military forces throughout that particular region, and found that they were able to defeat them all, which then gave them added momentum to also attack the English held garrisons that were set up on the islands in the perimeter of Loch Erne itself, and they also defeated the enemy there also, one by one, and then set off once again towards the east, going further into the interior for another 50 miles, always with the committed intention of joining up with any of the other Irish Septs who were still under the command of 126.Aed Dubh / Black Hugh O Niall /The O Niall  who was the overall leader, but unbeknown to them he was already down to his last 60 horsemen near Slieve Gallon in the north - east of Loch Neagh in Ulster.

March: There had been 9 years of endless fighting and resistance against the English Military forces of Elizabeth 1st the the Welsh Tudor English Queen, and her English Military forces had ferociously committed terrible devestations on the general Irish population, especially under her destructive policy of "Slash and Burn" against the general Irish population, their cattle, their property and their crops, and 126.Aed Dubh / Black Hugh O Niall / The O Niaill as their overall leader was by now well aware that he had to do something drastic about it all to bring it to a halt,  and to this end he decided it was time to bring any further Irish resistance to an end, due to this never ending onslaught and Blount / Lord Mountjoy, Elizabeth 1st's appointed Lord Deputy in Ireland, was to eventually arrive at Mellifont in Co. Meath in the north - east of Northern Leinster to receive his personal surrender.

March 24th: Lord Mountjoy had received word that Elizabeth 1st the Welsh Tudor English Queen, had been dead in England a few days before, but he had kept it to himself, so as to ensure that 126.Aed Dubh / Black Hugh O Niall would not become aware of it and continue on with the Irish resistance.

March 30th: 126.Aed Dubh / Black Hugh O Niall / The O Niall arrived at Mellifont and surrendered himself up to Blount / Mountjoy, under the proposed "Treaty of Mellifont," still not aware that the never ending belligerent Elizabeth 1st, was long gone, and it was to be agreed under the Treaty that he should retain his English title as the second Earl of Tyrone together with his main territory and that Rory O Donnel / The O Donnell now in his own right should become the English Earl of Tyrconnell, and retain the territory of the Heremonian Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niaill Cenel Conaill in Co. Donegal in the west of the Ulster Province where Pelham, the English appointed Baron, would conduct the first English Assizes / trials there. The need for The English Pale that surrounded Dublin in Co. Dublin in Southern Leinster it now seemed had come to an end with the surrender of 126.Aed Dubh / Hugh O Niail / The O Niaill as the very last of the overall Gaelic Milesian Irish Chieftains.       

     Donnell Cam O Sullivan and Brian Oge - the Younger Maguire and their Irish forces had arrived to join up with 126.Aed Dubh / Black Hugh O Niall / The O Niaill, but they were now too late, and Brian Oge  - Younger Maguire, William Burke, Tyrell and many of the others on learning of the news of his capitulation also submitted, while O Connor - Kerry went directly to Scotland to see the English heir - apparent James V1, who would soon became James 1st the Stuart King in England, and he was given back his Irish territory in Co. Kerry in the south - west of the Munster Province. Brian Oge - the Younger O Rourke did not submit, and he was to die within a year, while endeavouring to keep up the resistance to the English oppression on all things Irish and Catholic in his region in Co. Leitrim in the north of the Connacht Province. Sir Owen Oge - the Younger O Sullivan who had gone over to the English side early on, received what he considered was his just reward, and was granted  the territory of Beare in Co. Cork in Southern Munster, while many of the Irish leaders along with all of Donnell Cams O Sullivan's family were now to make it to Spain, where they were to die there in exile in service to the Spanish King, in opposition to English domination in Ireland, and they also married into the Spanish nobility.

     Meanwhile, the Catholic Irish and the Anglo - Irish / Old English were excited by the news that there was to be a change in the English monarchy, and were expecting that James V1 / James 1st, who was the son of the Catholic Mary Queen of Scots and had both paternal and maternal Gaelic Irish blood, would be much more tolerant then his predecessor, the never ending belligerent Elizabeth 1st , and they began taking back or reopening the Catholic churches in Ireland for Catholic services in the Munster Province, and also in the Leinster Province, including Co. Wexford and Co. Kilkenny.  

April 5th: With Elizabeth 1st, now gone James V1, the Stuart King of Scotland, was now in as James 1st the first Stuart King of England, and he immediately notified Donough O Brien the English appointed fourth Earl of Thomond to enforce English Law on the Irish Septs and impose Recusancy fines to compel all of the Irish and the Anglo - Irish Catholics to attend the Church of England Ascendancy Episcopalian services or pay up, and as hard as it was to believe, religious persecution of the Irish and Anglo - Irish Catholics was actually to be further increased all over Ireland, as the English Ascendancy Parliament proposed, "To finish off the Gaelic and Catholic way of life in Ireland."  (The Irish were now also to be forced to cut their hair and dress like the English.)

April 9th: Charles Blount / Mountjoy, as the English appointed Lord Justice, Lord Deputy and Lord Lieutenant in Ireland, marched on the Munster Province to restore the English Episcopalian Ascendancy authority there also.

May: Blount / Mountjoy was recalled to England were he was to be created Lord Devonshire, but would die within 3 years, and Sir George Carey became the new English appointed Lord Deputy in Ireland, and the extreme infamous anti - Catholic persecutor, Sir John Davies was to be the appointed the English Solicitor - General in Ireland until 1606 AD.

June: The Catholic Irish in desperation, sent delegates over to England to see James 1st, in regards to obtaining some democratic rights, but he was not to give them any answers for another 2 years and from now on there was to be a more Calvinistic approach in regards to the Ascendancy Episcopalian Church of England as an enforced religion, as James 1st had been reared in the Lowlands of Scotland under the initial influence of the teachings of John Knox who originally pushed the Lutheran line and later the Calvanistic. (It was also during this period that Mountjoy Castle was constructed by Francis Roe at Stewartstown in Co. Tyrone near Loch Neagh in Central Ulster.)

       Further new English Ascendancy Episcopalian "plantations," were begun in Ireland in the confiscated territories of the Irish Families, with English authorities only to run the Government in Ireland, while further land in the Ulster Province was confiscated also and granted by James 1st to Sir Randall Mac Donnell, who brought over both Catholic and Presbyterian lowlanders into the north - east, and James 1st also granted Newtownards in Co. Down in the south - east of Ulster to Sir Hugh Montgomery / Lord Braidstaine who was from Ayshire in England, being a one third portion taken from the north - east territory of Conn O Niall the Heremonian Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niaill Cenel nEogain Clan na Bhuidhe Chief, Sir James Hamilton was also granted another one third portion from the same territory, as he had previously operated as an "informant" for James 1st in Dublin, during Elizabeth 1st's reign. Conn O Niall of Clannaboye, whose territory they had at first confiscated, had originally possessed 60,000 acres in trust on behalf of his particular Heremonian Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niaill Cenel nEogain Sept, and to ensure their success they were to forcibly hold him in Carrickfergus Castle on a charge of Treason. Sir James Hamilton, who was to be eventually created the English Earl of Clandeboye himself, later guaranteed Conn O Niall a pardon, if he handed over a share to him in the territory there also, and Sir Hugh Montgomery and Sir James Hamilton both eventually finished up with the whole territory there. James 1st, the first Stuart King of England wanted the Presbyterians planted along the sea coast for his future advantage, and created 40 Boroughs with the right to send 2 members, who would have 2 votes each to Westminster Parliament to give him total political control also over the Ascendancy Anglo - Norman Parliament in Ireland. He made the town of Gowran in Co. Kilkenny in the south - west of Southern Leinster also one of these, and he gave a charter to Lifford in Co. Donegal in the west of Ulster, were it is separated by the River Foyle, while the English Earl of Salisbury wanted the whole of Ulster settled "As a spear head into the Irish flesh," and also to have the Juries "stacked" to ensure convictions were carried out as they were required, by those in authority in the Ascendancy.

      With Elizabeth 1st gone, the Franciscan monks were feeling much safer also, and they began to return to Ireland, as the 9,000 English Military troops who were still in Ireland were reduced in number, and 126.Aed Dubh / Black Hugh O Niall / The O Niaill and Rory O Donnell / The O Donnell went over to England to appear before James 1st, the new Stuart King of England as the Irish Septs were now hoping for some relief, due to his connection to his Catholic mother, Mary Queen of Scots, and his Gaelic female heritage through the maternal side of his grandfather, James V also meant that he had the blood of the Irish Scottish Kings composed of the Heremonian Dal Riada and the Heremonian Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niaill Cenel nEogain of Ireland and the Highlands of Scotland. Due to his previous Calvanistic upbringing it was to seem that he certainly had received no knowlege of this!

    Eugene O Hart from the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Colla Da Crioch Sept who had been the Catholic Bishop of Achrony and responsible for Tuam in the Connacht Province, died at 100 years of age.

    John Fionn - of Fair Complexion Mac Namara of Dangan in Co. Clare in the north - west of the Munster Province, died.

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