51 Graces    -      1626 - 1630 AD

1626 AD Now worried about what may occur because of his attiude regarding Spain, Charles 1st the Stuart King of England instructed Henry Carey / Lord Falkland in Ireland to negotiate with the Catholic Irish to allow them some concessions, which were to become known as the "51 Graces," that would be granted to the Catholic Irish in return for financial support for Charles 1st, but it was not to be very successful as Henry Carey / Lord Falkland' was a strong anti - Catholic and his heart was not in it as he had previously been given the position he held in Ireland by Charles 1st's father, the greedy and bigoted James 1st to carry out his particular agenda as a hard - line Ascendancy Calvinist  with no sign of sympathy for Irish Catholics.

     The Quin Abbey in Co. Clare in the north - west of the Munster Province was re - occupied by the Franciscan friars under the authority of Fr. Francis Matthew who was now their Provincial leader in Ireland and Fr. Teige / Bonaventure Mac Gorman was put in charge there.

      This year the Old Hall was built on the site of the Heremonian Dal Cuinn O Rourke's Ui Briuin Breifne Castle on the River Bonet at Dromahair in their kingdom and territory of West Breifne in Co. Leitrim in Northern Connacht.

     Lord Dunboyne rebuilt the Heberian Dal gCais Ui Bloid U Turlough Ui mBriain Holy Cross Abbey in Co. Tipperary in the north - east of the Munster Province.

1627 AD The English Ascendancy Parliament, now under Charles 1st the second Stuart King of England, passed an Act, "That Catholics were not to be allowed into Office," while on the other hand they now agreed to the Ascendancy "planters" in Ireland defaulting on his father's James 1st's original decree of; "No Catholics being allowed to work Irish land" due to the large amounts of confiscated territory that they now held, which they could not physically utilise and they gave them permission to use Irish tenants to work their confiscated Estates as they once again also began to further increase the English Ascendancy "plantations" in Ireland. 2,000 more Ascendancy Church of England "planters" were  put into the Ulster Province, this year with further threats of expulsion for, "Anyone who did not conform to the Ascendancy Church of England and English habits" and to this end, Charles 1st also granted the English Viscount Conway the region of Lisburn in Co. Antrim in the north - east of the Ulster Province where he constructed a castle there against the surrounding Irish Famlies.

April: Henry Carey / Lord Falkland the previously determined Calvanist who was now acting for Charles 1st, finally had to allow the Catholic Irish delegates the right to go to England to deal directly with Charles 1st himself who was more then ready to make an agreement for any further financial considerations.

     Thomas Walsh the Catholic Archbishop of Cashel in Co. Tipperary in the north - east of the Munster Province also wrote a "History of Ireland" this year.

1628 AD May: The Catholic Irish made an agreement with Charles 1st the Stuart English King whereby they would make 3 annual payments of 40,000 pounds to him in return for the 51 Graces, most of which the Ascendancy English Church of England Episcopalians already took as part of their common rights, and he advised the delegates that a Parliament would be called to confirm them in English Law and included in these 51 Graces was be only an Oath of Allegiance instead of the one of Religious Supremacy to him, that had been previously imposed on the Catholic Irish, which would give them improved Common Rights under English Law, which further upset the Ascendancy in the Church of England in Ireland who now although still small in numbers had gained control over 1/4 of all Irish territories. They would also be subject to their share of this annual payment, besides giving in to the Catholic Irish on religious grounds, while the particular Grace to remit the Recusancy Fines for not attending Episcopalian services was left out of the final draft and subsequent to this the election for the Parliament was not held and the 51 Graces were not confirmed as Charles 1st had promised.

    During this period there was a lack of corn to feed the population in Ireland and many of the Irish and Anglo - Irish population crossed over to the west of England and into Wales and this transmigration upset the particular populations in those regions, as they too were also trying to gain employment there in order to survive.   

      The region that is now known as Newtown Stewart in Co. Tyrone in Central Ulster was passed on at this time to Sir William Stewart.

August: James 1st's original, and Charles 1st's the Stuart English King's personal advisor, the unpopular Duke of Buckingham, was assassinated !!

     Thomas "Black Tom" Wentworth who was to become the English Viscount Wentworth was at this time appointed the Governor of Northern England by Charles 1st after he had changed sides against his fellow M.P.'s among the Puritan Parliamentarians in the Ascendancy English Parliament and joined up with Charles 1st and was to carry his passion further for raising revenues by terrible further repression, and also into Ireland later on resulting in further terrible oppression and dire circumstance not only for Ireland, but also for both he and Charles 1st.

1628 AD - 1640 AD Father Geoffrey Keating the parish priest of Tubrid near Clonmel in Co. Tipperary in the north - east of the Munster Province, while in hiding from the English President in Munster, in the crags and caverns of the Galtee / Gailte Mountains there in Co. Tipperary was able to compile a "History of Ireland" from the earliest times to the Anglo - Normans in 1170 AD, into the Gaelic language.

1629 AD Henry Carey / Viscount Falkland who was the English Lord Deputy in Ireland quarrelled with Adam Loftus the Lord Chancellor and tried to also confiscate the territory of the Heremonian Cu Corb Ui Dunlainge O Byrnes in Co. Wicklow in the south - east of Southern Leinster so that he could introduce more Episcopalian Ascendancy English "planters" there and this was to bring him further conflict in both England and Ireland, and he also besieged the Irish Catholic religious Orders and revived threats to many property Titles in Ireland to try to bring about his oppressive bigoted ends even to arresting the Catholic friars in Dublin where there was to be great rioting carried out by the general population there.

April: England under Charles 1st the second Stuart English King concluded a Peace settlement with France.

October: With the Duke of Buckingham now gone off of the scene, Henry Carey / Viscount Falkland had lost his strongest ally in the English Court and he was now removed as the English Lord Deputy in Ireland and was not replaced, but Adam Loftus the English Viscount Loftus who was the Chancellor, and the nephew of the Church of England Ascendancy Archbishop in Dublin, and Richard Boyle the English first Earl of Cork were now appointed as the new English Lord Justices to control Ireland for Charles 1st. When it became apparent that they did no see eye to eye Lord Wilmot the English President in Connacht was created the English Commander - in - Chief in Ireland instead, and he was able to get them together for a reconciliation meeting, but in the meantime Richard Boyle who was strongly anti - Catholic was to suppress all of the Irish Catholic religious gatherings, including their Mass houses in their own private homes that they were to individually set up to conduct their Sunday Mass.  

   At this time the "Book of Lismore," a highly detailed historical and topographical recount of ancient Ireland, was kept at Timoleague near Kinsale in Co. Cork in Southern Munster and Michael O Cleary from the Heremonian Dal Cuinn "southern" Ui Fiachrach Aidhne Sept who was a monk and historian in exile in Tir Conaill / Tyrconnell / Co. Donegal in the north - west of the Ulster Province was able to transcribe from it.

   Oliver Plunkett / Pluinceid who is descended originally from the Heberian Dal gCais Ui Bloid Ui Turlough Ui mBriain Sept whose Family was to return to Ireland from France during the beginning of the Anglo - Norman times in the 12th Century AD and who was to become the Catholic Archbishop of Armagh, and Ireland's second Papal Saint, was to be born this year at Loughscrew in Co. Meath in Southern Leinster , and as the Catholic Primate of Ireland in the future also would suffer the most horrendous death at the hands of the English Ascendancy authorities in England just for being Catholic during the time of Charles 11.

1630 AD Sir Thomas Phillips, Charles 1st's agent in Ireland,  complained that the English City Companies were allowing the Catholic Irish to stay in the City of Derry in Co. Derry in the north - east of the Ulster Province for their own financial gain, which went against the original express purpose of his father, James 1st for the Ascendancy English "plantations" there, which was the removal of all the Irish Families totally from the region.

   Sir Lucas Dillon was granted the Manor House and the castle at Loch Glinn this year, where their original residence there is now a Franciscan Convent, and where they were to build a mansion up from the Fitz Gerald castle ruins there and the Dillons were to leave Ireland for England after the forced Immoral Union later on in 1800 AD where they would also join the ranks of the Absentee - Land Lords, leaving only their agents to run their confiscated Estates in Ireland and thereby assist further to drain the Irish economy of any viable funds to sustain it under the oppression of the British Imperial Empire.

    English Ascendancy "plantations" now also began in Co. Tipperary in the north - east of the Munster Province on the confiscated Estates there under the control of James Butler the twelfth English Earl of Ormonde, and also in the Connacht Province to the west of the River Shannon.

    Richard Boyle the English first Earl of Cork was now in joint control of Ireland and was finding that it was not as easy as it looked, as he was to come out and describe the Lowland Presbyterians, who now basically controlled the Ulster Province, "As a rude and remote kingdom, of austere, exalted, unbending, cantankerous people, prone to hysteria and conspiracy theories, committed to a democracy that extended to the elect alone." He was also to be hampered by Francis Annesley / Lord Mountnorris the English appointed Vice - Treasurer in Ireland while in his joint administration of Ireland.