1643 - 1645 AD
1643
AD January:
James
"Black Tom" Butler
the
Royalist twelfth English Earl of Ormonde,
who
had been reared in England for an English purpose as an Ascendancy Church of England Episcopalian, was
still
Charles 1st the
Stuart King of England's
appointed
Lord Lieutenant
in
Ireland
who he
now commissioned to arrange for a truce
between the
English Royalists and
the
Irish Confederacy
as the Irish Confederacy Government had previously sworn an
Oath of Allegiance
to support him and uphold the
English
Crown, but owing to
James Butler's previous
Ascendancy upbringing he was to become instead a real obstructionist
to any progress as he was a determined anti -
Catholic.
March:
James "Black Tom" Butler
the Royalist
English twelfth Earl of Ormonde
instead of following Charles 1st's orders
to arrange a truce with the Irish Confederacy Government
in an act of stupidity instead he decided to besiege
New Ross
in
Co.
Wexford in
the south - east of Southern
Leinster,
which was being defended by
Thomas Preston the
Anglo - Irish
commander for the
Irish Confederacy Government there, who he was able to defeat with his superior artillery,
but there was
nothing to be gained in this conflict either way,
April:
James "Black Tom" Butler
the
Royalist English twelfth Earl of Ormonde,
finally decided to act on his previous orders from Charles 1st,
and
he
made an arrangement with the
Irish
Confederacy
Government for there to be a one year truce
between the
Royalist
forces of Charles 1st who were under his command and the
Irish Confederacy Government forces,
while another forward step was made when one of the two "survivors" in the
Dublin Castle,
Sir
William Parsons,
was
removed as one of the English Lord
Justices in Ireland,
who was previously supposed to be acting also for
Charles 1st, but had been "fence walking" also for
the Puritan Parliament.
June:
The
Irish Confederacy
Government forces under General
Garret Barry the Anglo - Irish commander defeated the Puritan
Parliament cavalry near
Kilworth,
and the
fort in
Galway in Co.
Galway in Southern Connacht
was to be finally secured by the
Irish Confederacy Government forces after they also were to carry
out a successful campaign of
starving them out.
July:
127.Eoghan Roe - of Red Complexion
O Niall
the Irish commander
for the
Irish Confederacy Government forces in the Ulster
Province
was having a hard
time of it up against the combined forces
of the
Lowland
Presbyterians and Puritan Parliament armies
under General Robert Munroe, so he withdrew his men and went back into the
west into the
Connacht
Province were
he was then able to make further gains there on behalf of the
Irish Confederacy Government.
Pope
Urban V111 was to send
Pietro Scarampi
to Ireland
to act on
his behalf, who was to offer assistance of stores and money to the
Irish Confederacy Government,
but no help was
forthcoming from either France, Germany,
the Netherlands, or
Spain.
August: The Irish Confederacy Government forces marched into Galway in Co. Galway in Southern Connacht were Sir John Temple and two other Puritan Parliamentary advisors were captured.
September 15th: The Truce previously arranged by James Butler the Royalist English twelfth Earl of Ormonde with the Irish Confederacy Government was "officially" signed at Gigginstown in Co. Kildare in Central Southern Leinster, where each side was to hold onto their secured territory, with prisoners to be exchanged and a further payment of 30,000 pounds was to be made to Charles 1st the Stuart English King within 8 months, but the main condition of religious rights for the Catholic Irish was not dealt with, as James "Black Tom" Butler would not give any ground over this issue of any normal rights for the Catholic Irish, which was to have further repercussions for both parties involved in this Truce. Charles 1st then removed the English Earl of Leicester a supporter of the English Puritan Parliament, who was acting as the absentee English Lord Lieutenant in Ireland, and he put in James Butler the twelfth English Earl of Ormonde to replace him. who he then raised to the position of English first Marquis of Ormonde.
Further
direct negotiations were
now carried out at
Oxford in England
between
Charles 1st the
Stuart English King
and the
Puritan
Parliamentarians
to agree on new terms,
but the Puritans rejected all
of the
peaceful offers made to them by
Charles 1st,
while the
Lowland Presbyterians
in
the
Ulster
Province
also continued to
follow their Solemn League
and
Covenant they had previously made with the
English Puritan Parliamentarians,
although
it had been made
10 days
after
the cease fire had been arranged.
The Puritan
Parliament then appointed
General Robert Munroe as the commander of
all of the
Puritan
Parliamentarian
forces
in Ulster, and prepared to continue on with the
English Civil War against Charles 1st and his
supporters among the
English Royalists and the
Irish Confederacy
Government.
November: Owing to
Charles 1st the Stuart English King's
arranged truce now being now in place
with the Irish Confederacy
Government 2,500 English
Royalist
troops were returned to
England to further support
Charles 1st against the
English
Puritan Parliament forces there who were continuing
on there with the English Civil War against him.
20,000
Irish
people were now on a single island off the coast of the
West Indies where they had been
previously sent by the English Ascendancy Government while another 30,000 had gone to
Europe.
Duald /
Dualtach
Mac Firbis / Forbes, the
Heremonian Dal
Cuinn "northern"
Ui
Fiachrach Muaidhe O Dowd / Ui Dubha Chieftain, who were
the hereditary historians in
Co. Sligo in
the north -
west of the Connacht
Province, now had his
territory also confiscated.
Ulick de Burgh
/ Burke
the English Earl of
Clann Rickarde
who was a committed
English
Royalist,
now had to hand over
Clanricarde Castle
to the Irish Confederacy
Government in Co.
Galway
in Southern Connacht.
Conor O Brien
from the Heberian Dal gCais
Ui mBriain Sept had improved the construction of
Leamaneh Castle in
Co. Clare
in the north - west of the Munster
Province to assist in defending the people there,
but he was to be killed
by the English Puritan
Parliamentary
forces
in battle, so his wife,
Maire ni Mahan
/
Maire Ruadh / Red Mary
went
straight off to
Limerick in Co.
Limerick in the north - west of the Munster
Province where
she married herself off to a
Puritan
Parliamentary soldier named
Cooper, with the sole intention of holding onto their property for her son,
Donough O Brien, and during there stay at
Leamaneh
Castle she
pushed him out the
window to his death, when he made a repugnant remark about her deceased husband,
Conor O Brien.
Derryhivenny Castle
was constructed this year by
Daniel O Madden
the Heremonian Dal Cuinn
Colla Da Crioch
Ui Maine Chief,
and can still be seen there
3 miles north east of
Portumna
in
Co. Galway
in
Southern Connacht.
1644 AD James "Black Tom" Butler, who had received his epithet / nick name due his harsh behaviour and grim looks, who was the twelfth English Earl of Ormonde and now also the English first Marquis of Ormonde and the officially appointed English Lord Lieutenant in Ireland for Charles 1st the Stuart English King who was also now hoping that he would become more positive about the Irish Catholic situation and assist him to bring matters to a head before it was too late, similar to what had occurred under his previous epresentative in Ireland "Black Tom" Wentworth.
January:
The
2500 English Royalist
troops that
had been sent
back to England
to join in
with the other forces of
Charles 1st
the Stuart English King
there were defeated at
Nantwich by the
Puritan
Parliamentary forces, and to make matters worse the survivors of the battle there then also joined up with the
Puritan
Parliament army
against
Charles 1st.
March:
The representatives of the
Irish
Confederacy Supreme Council met
directly with
Charles 1st
the Stuart English King at
Oxford
in England, to negotiate
a final
settlement based on the freedom to practise their
Catholic
faith, and to be
actually represented in
Ireland
according to their percentage of the population.
April:
Representatives from the Ascendancy Episcopalian Church of England /
Ireland went over from Ireland to England also, to ensure that
Charles 1st
the Stuart English King
was to
continue
on with the oppression and persecution of
the
Irish Catholics
in Ireland by the use of the
Recusancy Laws,
and also persist with their
previous overall Episcopalian Ascendancy in Ireland.
James
"Black
Tom" Butler,
the English
Royalist first Marquis of Ormonde
and English Lord Lieutenant in
Ireland for Charles
1st the Stuart
English King
took over the negotiations for a final settlement from
Charles 1st
with the Irish Confederacy
Government, but he was still intransigent over any chance of
any normal
Irish Catholic
reform, and he would ensure that it was to be continued to
be wrangled over for the next
2 years,
which would finally help no one and further contributed to bringing them all undone. Meanwhile the
English Puritan
Parliamentary forces, under
Robert Munroe in the
Ulster Province
and
Murrough O Brian
-
of the Burnings in the
Munster Province,
continued
to do as they liked as the
Irish Confederacy
Government
could not
unite their forces in these two provinces due to the personality differences between
127.Eoghan
Roe
O
Niall the
Irish commander and the Anglo - Irish General
Thomas Preston
not wishing
to be in any way subordinate to the other.
July:
Murrough
O Brien
-
of the Burnings
the English Earl
of
Inchiquin, who had been
Ascendancy
Episcopalian reared also in England for an
English purpose, had strongly supported the English cause against
Irish interests, but as a committed
English
Royalist he had become disillusioned by
Charles 1st the Stuart English King's
failure to appoint him the English President in
Munster as this region was his
ancestral Irish Ui mBriain home territory and in his bitter disappointment
of rejection over this particular matter he had submitted to the
Puritan Parliament instead who
had given him what he craved, making him their
English Puritan Parliamentary President in the Munster
Province, and he was now prepared to take on the
Irish Confederacy
Government
forces on their behalf.
October: Despite the further English
Royalist loss of support now also from
Murrough O Brien - of the Burnings,
James Butler
the
Royalist English first Marquis of Ormonde,
would still not concede
any further religious "toleration" for the
Irish Catholics in his
negotiations on behalf of
Charles 1st the
Stuart English King who was
by now really worried by
the lack of positive results in this regard in reaching a conclusion to it all
as
Charles 1st was well and truly
aware that time was running out for him to get it all together.
December:
Charles 1st
the Stuart English King
knew that he would have to speed up negotiations with the
Irish Confederacy Government
if he was ever going to survive the Puritan Parliamentary
threat, and
to this end he decided to now make use instead of Edward Somerset the Earl of
Glamorgan, who
was an
English
Royalist
Catholic,
to try and change the stance of "
the
English first Marquis of Ormonde
who
he was finally coming to realise had a firm mindset against any chance of allowing
Irish
Catholic "toleration."
The beautiful Beaulieu House was constructed this year by Sir Henry Tichbourne at Bolinglass in Co. Wicklow in the south - east of Southern Leinster.
An inscribed plaque was erected
this year at
Tubrid in
Co. Tipperary
in the north - east of the Munster
Province
to the memories of
the Irish priest Father
O
Duffy and
Geoffrey Keating
the Irish Historian and it is
still there to be seen.
1645 AD Owing to his obstinate position on negotiations with the Irish Confederacy Government as to Catholic "toleration" in Ireland, James "Black Tom" Butler was finally to be replaced by Charles 1st the Stuart English King as his Lord Lieutenant in Ireland.
Lord Castlehaven was now also given command of the Irish Confederacy Government forces in the Munster Province thereby finally subjugating the obstinate Thomas Preston the Anglo - Irish commander to second in command there, which was not at all to his liking, so he left Munster and returned to the Leinster Province.
August:
James
"Black Tom" Butler
the English
Royalist and first Marquis of Ormonde
who was strongly anti - Catholic was still holding onto
Dublin Castle
against the wishes of 127.Eoghan
Roe
O Niall
the
Irish Confederacy
Government commander,
although a private agreement had previously been reached with
Charles 1st
the Stuart English King
who after his
previous battles at Marston Moor
and
Naseby
in England against the Puritan Parliament armies
realised that he now also needed the
support of the
Irish Confederacy Government forces
also in
England and that
James Butler / Ormonde was too set
in his ways
against any
Irish Catholic
Emancipation.
He had sent over
Edward Somerset,
the
Earl of Glamorgan, an
English Catholic,
to make a Treaty
with the Irish Confederacy
Government for
reliable
Irish
troops to be sent over to fight on his behalf in
England,
and he was to promise
them that the Catholic
religion
would then be "tolerated" in
Ireland
if they did and within the month he came to a
secret
agreement
with the
Irish Confederacy
Supreme Council
for "toleration"
of the Catholic Church
in
Ireland, and
the return of their
Catholic Church
property, which was not already under Ascendancy Episcopalian Church
of England / Ireland control in return for a
10,000 man
Irish
fighting force to assist him in
England.
October: Giovanni Rinuccini the Catholic Archbishop of Fermo in Rome was now sent by Pope Innocent X to Ireland with arms for 6,000 men and 20,000 pounds, and he landed at Kenmare in Co. Kerry in the south - west of the Munster Province, where he was received with great enthusiasm now with the hope of Catholic Emancipation eventually occurring in Ireland.
Alasdair Mac Donnell
the Catholic Chieftain
from the Heremonian Dal Cuinn
Colla Uais Sept had returned to Co.
Antrim in the north - east of the
Ulster
Province with his men from
Scotland, to
Ireland,
where he had previously campaigned successfully for
Charles 1st the Stuart English King along with
Grahame the Earl of Montrose.
December: The terms of the Irish Confederacy Government's Treaty made with Charles 1st the Stuart English King were publically disclosed, but Charles 1st who was always first a "survivor," denied it, stating that Edward Somerset the English Earl of Glamorgan had been sent to Ireland only to raise an Irish army to assist him, and subsequently the Earl of Glamorgan was arrested in Dublin on the orders of the English Puritan Parliament, but despite this James Butler the Royalist English first Marquis of Ormonde, acting on behalf of Charles 1st, released him from detention.