1651 - 1655 AD 

                                                                                                                                                     "Cromwell 's Men." 

1651 AD January: The 4 Puritan Parliamentarian Commissioners from England appointed by Oliver Cromwell arrived into Ireland, and divided up the territory that they now controlled into 6 Precincts under English Military Governors, which later on would be further split into 12 Precincts, and Kilkenny City in Co. Kilkenny in the south - west of Southern Leinster previously under the control of James "Black Tom" Butler the Royalist 1st Duke of Ormonde, which was now also a Plague stricken region, was also taken by Oliver Cromwell's Puritan Forces.

     Henry Ireton, the English Puritan Parliamentary Commander - in - Chief, captured O Briens Bridge in Co. Clare in the north - west of the Munster Province, which crossed over the River Shannon there, leading on to Montpelier in Co. Limerick, in the mid - north - west  of Munster, while Ludlow, another of Cromwell's son - in - laws and Puritan commanders, took the O Brien's 15th Century AD Carrigaholt Castle that had previously been constructed by the Heberian Dal gCais Ui Turlough Ui mBriain Mac Mahons, who were now the Chiefs of Corcabascin, and the Puritan Forces were to hold on to it for another year.  

October 27th: The City of Limerick, also in the mid - north - west of the Munster Province, surrendered to Henry Ireton, after what had been a very long siege, and he then turned his attention towards totally destroying the rest of  Co. Clare, across to the north - west of the River Shannon, which was actually geographically in the south of the Connacht Province, but declared now also to be in Northern Munster, and the Dysert O Dea Castle, that was situated between Corofin and Ennis there, belonging to the Heberian Dal gCais O Deas / Days was also another castle that was to be "badly damaged" by Cromwell's English Puritan Forces.

November 1st: William Butler surrendered up Clare Castle in Co. Clare in the north - west of the Munster Province, and among the population there was the many Heberian Dalcassian Ui mBriain O Brians, who had stood faithful to their Catholic religion and Ireland, were to pay once again, as the 64 year old Donat / Donough O Brien was shot dead and his body burnt, while James O Brien his nephew, had been murdered previously by James "Black Tom" Butler who had cut off his head and sent it to his brother ? O Brian to send a message, and Bernard O Brien was also hung, as was Daniel O Brien whose head was also cut off at Nenagh.

    Henry Ireton, Cromwell's son - in - law and English Puritan Commander - in - Chief, had "refuted" the terms previously given by Sir Charles Coote to the City of Galway in Co. Galway in the Connacht Province, and as Fate would have it he  contacted an "acute fever" and was to die, but before he did he was heard to exclaim, "That he could not understand how God could let this happen to him," and he was to be replaced  by Fleetwood, who was another son - in - law of Oliver Cromwell, who was moulded in the same vein, and was also a very bitter persecutor of Catholics.

    The Franciscan monks were driven out of Tralee in Co. Kerry in the south - west of Munster again by Cromwell's English Puritan Forces.and the Abbeys there were all completely sacked. (The famous Moriarty Chalice there, was the creation of Charles O Sughrue / Cathal Ua Siochfhradha, whose Sept's territory was also in Co. Kerry, where he was to produce it for the Tralee Convent there, and where Thaddeus O Moriarty was their Prior.) 

    Burke, the Anglo - Irish Catholic Earl of Clann Rickarde, who was now acting for James "Black Tom" Butler, the Royalist 1st Duke of Ormonde's commander in Ireland and Charles the Prince of Wales, lost his Oranmore Castle to the Puritan Parliament forces in Co. Galway in the south - west of the Connacht Province who were led by Sir Charles Coote.

      Rory Mac Namara, a son of Donnell Mac Namara and Mary Mac Mahon, who was a Franciscan friar, was taken and shot by Oliver Cromwell's Puritan Parliamentary Forces near Clare Castle, as was Daniel Clancy a Franciscan lay - brother from Tradraigh and Jeremiah Mac Inerney who had been another Franciscan lay - brother since 1640 AD, during their rampage and sickening massacres were continued to be carried out in Co. Clare.      

    David O Broder / Broderick / Browder  / Daibhi Ua Bruadair, from Limerick in Co. Limerick in the mid - north - west of the Munster Province, was to persevere until 1694 AD, while under great duress, to record the descendents of the Irish Chroniclers, their Irish Families, the Irish Tuaths (Family regions) and the Irish poets. 

1652 AD The English Civil War had lasted 11 years, and England was now to be totally under the control of Oliver Cromwell and the remnants of the English Puritan Parliament for another 11 years, and they immediately passed an Act for the, "Settling of Ireland." with 20,000,000 acres in Ireland to be confiscated, and given to the; "Plantation of non - Catholic foreigners" and Fleetwood, Ludlow and Jones, who were now Oliver Cromwell's Puritan commanders in Ireland, gave out an official directive that "Every Catholic priest was to be hanged until he was half dead, his head was to be cut off and his body was to be cut into quarters, and his bowels were to be drawn and burned, and his head was to be fixed on a pole."

May: The City of Galway in Co. Galway in Southern Connacht also finally surrendered, and was the last to be captured by Sir Charles Coote now acting for the Puritan Parliament under the overall influence of Oliver Cromwell, as the "14 Foreign Tribes of Galway" there had always remained "'loyal" to the English Monarchy, and the whole of Co. Galway was then brought under pressure to do the same, while in the meantime the remaining members of the various roving Irish Septs in the Leinster Province had also given up on their resistance, but "Blind" Donough, Dermot Ryan, Hugh Mac Brian, Donough O Hart and Redmond O Hanlon were to keep up their individual indiscriminate guerrilla type attacks against the English Puritan Parliamentary  Forces and their enforced confiscations"" and continuing non - Catholic plantations in Ireland.

June: Mac Carthy, the Heberian Eoghanacht Chaisil Lord of Muskerry, with his 5,000 men, retreated back to Ross Castle on the Peninsula / ros, where it had been originally separated there by a man - made channel in Co. Kerry in the south - west of the Munster Province that had belonged to their kinsmen the Heberian Eoghanacht O Donoghues, and he was to be the last to surrender to Ludlow the English Puritan Parliament commander who had an army of 4,000 men and 2,000 cavalry under his control, who also destroyed the Mac Carthy's Muckross Abbey at Killarney in Co. Kerry. O Carberys Town / Baile Ui Cairbre situated near Caherciveen, which was also a Mac Carthy stronghold, until it was to come under the control of the Heremonian Ui Conaire Muscraige O Connells later on, saw Bally Carbery Castle also destroyed by Oliver Cromwell's Puritan Forces.  

      The Catholic Heremonian Dal Cuinn Colla Uais Mac Donnell's Red Bay Castle was another destroyed by Oliver Cromwell's Puritan Forces at Cushendal in Co. Antrim in the north - east of the Ulster Province.

     Thaddeus O Connor, from the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Ai Sept, who had their territory in Co. Sligo in the north - west of the Connacht Province was also taken out and hung in Boyle in Co. Roscommon in the east of the Connacht Province, but despite these ongoing devestating tribulations occurring all over Ireland, the Irish Confederacy Government forces were able to hold out in several areas in the Connacht Province, and the Ulster Province for a few more months. 

     Sir James Balfour for the English Puritan Parliament at this time was to refortify the Balfour Castle at Liskanea in Co. Fermanagh and situated on Loch Erne in Ulster Province against the Irish Septs there.

     Donough O Hart from the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Colla Da Crioch Sept now also had his property "confiscated" in Co. Sligo in th the Connacht Province by Oliver Cromwell.

August: The English Puritan Parliament set up at Westminster in England passed their "Act for the Settlement of Ireland," where Ireland was represented by Puritan soldiers, while 104 people in Ireland were specifically nominated who were not to receive a pardon, including Bishop Bramhall, James "Black Tom" Butler, Murrough O Brien an Toitean - of the Burnings, Burke the Anglo - Irish Catholic Earl of Clann Rickarde, Lord Castlehaven and the Irish Chieftains Phelim O Neill in the Ulster Province and Rory O More.

September: It was left to Fleetwood, Oliver Cromwell's son - in - law as the new Puritan commander - in - chief, and the 4 English Puritan Parliamentarian Commissioners to carry out the " confiscations" against the Irish and the Anglo - Irish / Old English.

 October: Although "The Act for the Settlement of Ireland" was published, Fleetwood and the 4 Puritan Parliamentay Commissioners were awaiting further instructions from the English Puritan Parliament in England, before acting on these new massive "confiscations" throughout Ireland.

    Sir Arthur Forbes built a castle on Loch Forbes at Newtown Forbes in Co. Longford in the north - west of Northern Leinster against the Irish Septs there.

   Oliver Cromwell's Puritan Ironside Forces destroyed the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin AI O Connor's magnificent Roscommon Castle in Co. Roscommon in the east of the Connacht Province.

   The Portumna Castle originally constructed by the Burkes / de Burghos the Anglo - Irish Earls of Clann Rickarde in Co. Galway had continued to stand up to the many sieges carried out against it by Oliver Cromwell's Puritan forces. 

      The English Royalist / Puritan Parliament's / Irish War came to an end in the Summer, with the population in Ireland now totally under the control of Oliver Cromwell and the English Puritan Parliament, and the new massive confiscations were begun with 11,000,000 acres seized to be given to the 1,000 Adventurers, and also the 35,000 Puritan soldiers, of which only a quarter of these would eventually settle in Ireland, and all of the surviving Irish Septs and Anglo - Irish / Old English were from now on to be physically pushed over the River Shannon to the west into "Hell or Connacht" / Connacht Province, that now also included Co. Clare in the north - west of the Munster Province, which was geographically a part of Southern Connacht in the first place any way, and where they were still able to hold onto 25% of Ireland. Among those to be "transplanted" thereo were also the other religious Dissenters, the Baptists, the Congregationalists, the Quakers (Society of Friends) and the Lowland Presbyterians.

1653 AD April 20: Oliver Cromwell in absolute control in England, also dissolved the English Puritan Long Parliament by force.

July: Oliver Cromwell introduced his own English Puritan Barebones Parliament, to suite his own agendas, not theirs, who then made him the Lord Protector of the Puritan Parliament in England with unlimited power, and he began to draw up plans to send more and more non - Catholic "foreign planters" into Ireland and all Catholic Irish and Jacobite lands were also confiscated regardless, and given over to Cromwell's soldiers and his supporters, and all the Catholic Irish were to be removed to the west across the River Shannon into "Hell or Connacht " where they were to be given lands that he considered they were entitled to in equal value. 10 of the Counties in the other 3 Provinces were to go towards the allotments under the Adventurers Act, and to the English Puritan Parliamentarian soldiers with half to go to the "Adventurers" and the other half of the Counties to the Puritan soldiers, while the other Counties, who were not included in these arrangements, were to go for debts, and also naturally to the Puritan Parliamentarian leaders.    

September: Oliver Cromwell's English Barebones Parliament passed the "Act of Satisfaction" to give Oliver Cromwell's plan to settle more non - Catholic "planters" into Ireland statutory force, in which he also proposed to remove the Lowland  Presbyterian "planters" in the east of the Ulster Province, as he wanted them out of Co. Antrim and Co. Down, altogether to be relocated in to other areas in Ireland, as they were too close to Scotland for comfort and Benjamin Worsley, the English Puritan Surveyor General, listed all of the properties to be confiscated in Ireland, while William Petty the English Physician General proposed an alternative scheme called the "Down Survey," which was then accepted by the Puritan Bare Bones Parliament, which also gave parts of the Connacht Province too to Puritan soldiers.

      As Ireland was now totally under English Ascendancy Puritan rule, by order of the Bare Bones Parliament, controlled completely now by Oliver Cromwell personally, 20,000 destitute Irish men, Irish women and Irish children, from 12 years of age and up were sold into slavery to the "English Plantations in Virginia" and the "Carolinas" (West Indies) and the slave dealers were then let loose in Ireland, and out of the 1,300 town lands in Co. Clare alone, only 40 of them were to be left with any people, with most of these in the Barony of Bunratty in the south - east near the River Shannon.

      Father Thaddeus Moriarty the Prior of the Holy Cross Convent in Tralee in Co. Kerry in the south - west of the Munster Province was now also taken out and hung by Cromwell's Puritan commanders in Killarney, after he refused to be exiled from Ireland and he was a brother - in - law to Pierce Ferriter, the Anglo - Irish poet and music lover, who had continued to keep up the good fight against Oliver Cromwell's Puritan indifference until he was to also be the last to surrender in Co. Kerry where Nelson, the English Brigadier, who was acting on behalf of Oliver Cromwell there had asked him to come to Ross Castle under an Amnesty, which was then broken and he was then taken and hung also on the Gallows Hill (The Hill of the Martyrs) in Co. Kerry. Oliver Cromwell's Puritan soldiers, under two of his Captains, Stace and Aspen, had already between them killed over 500 Irish people in the Baronies of the Islands, Ibricken, Clondelaw and Moyarta in Co. Clare in the north - west of Munster. Edmund Mac Elligott / O Sullivan of Galey, Coolceragh in Co. Kerry was also to be "transplanted" with 4 of his household.  

      The "Irish Lands Act" for the Survey, Allocation and Transplantation of Irish lands, was passed by the English Puritan Parliament, and the Catholic faith was forbidden, along with their religious worship, and their social structure was seemingly gone, as these were now all crimes under English Law, and St. Patrick's Staff and the Cross of 94.St. Columbcille was destroyed, together with all the Irish National relics, while all the learned men, who were known then as Tories, were hunted down and the Irish schools were scattered and Irish books were burned and all Irish industry was abolished. The remaining Inauguration sites of the Gaelic Irish Septs were broken into pieces, "The Irish Brehon Laws" were torn up, together with the Irish Codes of Inheritance, and Irish Land Tenure was now also gone.  

     4,000 Irish soldiers in desperation left Ireland to go over to Spain, to continue the fight against the Ascendancy Puritans in England, to do their bit, in the hope that it would bring pressure on the English to eventually bring about Irish Freedom.

    The Mellifont Abbey in Co. Louth in the north - east of Northern Leinster was given to Sir Gerald Moore who turned it into a residence.

1654 AD Donough O Kennedy, the son of the last Heberian Dal gCais Ui Bloid Ui Turlough Chief of Lower Ormond in Co. Tipperary in the north - east of the Munster Province was still living there in the castle at this time, which is now also only a ruin, and the O Kennedys were to be found in the future in Co. Wexford in the south - east of Southern Leinster, from where they would produce Joseph, John F., Robert and Edward Kennedy in America.

     The Dal Cuinn Colla Da Crioch Mac Egan's castle at Kiltaroe (Redwood) overlooking the River Shannon, that had been constructed there in 1589 AD was now only a ruin also, and had been previously used as a school were the Irish scholar, Michael O Cleary who is one of the compilars of The Annuals of Ulster - of the 4 Masters had been educated.  

    Patrick Hacket / Padraig Haiceid (1600 - 1645 AD), the Anglo - Irish priest, who had been born near Cashel, and who was a Prior on the Rock of Cashel there, after being educated in Louvain in France, died this year.     

    Fleetwood, the English Puritan Commander - in - Chief and son - in - law of Oliver Cromwell, was now appointed the sole English Lord Deputy in Ireland by Oliver Cromwell to replace the 4 Puritan Commissioners.

May 1st: This was the deadline for the former confiscated land owners in Ireland to be "transplanted" off of their lands in the other 3 Counties, and into "Hell or Connacht," which now also included Co. Clare, which is now officially in the north - west of the Munster Province, but is in reality still geographically in the south of the Connacht Province. All of the Irish and Anglo - Irish had to be gone from the east of Ireland or they would be liable to be put to death, if they were found there in the eastern side of the River Shannon, but this condition then had to be first extended to December, then even further into March 1655 for certain individuals. Among these was Donough O Callaghan who was driven out of Co. Cork in Southern Munster and forced to settle into Kilkishen at Mountallon in Co. Clare, where his Family was to become Ascendancy Episcopalian Church of England / Ireland supporters to hold onto their land there. (One of his descendants would later inherit the land of the foreign planted Dutchman there, Westropp and become known as O Callaghan - Westropp in Tulla).

     The Quakers (Society of Friends), who had previously settled in the Ballitore / Moone district in Co. Kildare in Central Southern Leinster now held there first communal meeting at Lurgan in Co. Armagh in the south - east of the Ulster Province.       

      "The 14 ForeignTribes of Galway," situated in the City of Galway in Co. Galway in Southern Connacht, who were committed English Royalists, had supported the continuing English oppression in Ireland against the Irish Septs, and held all of the power there up until this time, and had never allowed any of the Irish Septs into the City, and had even turned on the Anglo - Irish / Old English de Burgos / Burkes when they became "More Irish then the Irish"  and the walls and the 14 gates and 14 towers to keep the Irish Septs out, that they had constructered there surrounding the City were still all standing at this time.   

1655 AD Oliver Cromwell's Ascendancy Puritan Forces besieged the Franciscan friary at Kilconnell in Co. Galway in Southern Connacht, (which had been originally founded by William Kelly in 1353 AD),  with no success, but it too is now also just a ruin. Matthew Barnewall / Barneville, (originally de Bearnabhal), the English twelfth Lord Trimelston, whose Anglo - Norman family had been an important one in "The English Pale" in Dublin, is interred in the church near here, after being driven out from his original confiscated Estates also to the Connacht Province, during this period by Oliver Cromwell's Puritan forces.  

      Henry Cromwell, the son of Oliver Cromwell, arrived in Ireland as the Major General of the English Ascendany Puritan Parliamentary Army, and straightaway put a stop to his brother - in - law, Fleetwood's "Anabaptist" intrigues in which they believed in Adult Baptism only and the re - Baptizing of Infants on reaching Adulthood, but the Puritans as usual knew better, while new cracks were already opening up among the various new non - Catholic "splinter groups" who were now in control in Ireland.

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