1661 - 1670 AD
Merchant Ascendancy - Charles 11
1661
AD January: During the
long run of "absolute massacre and indescribable terror" that was
Oliver Cromwell the English Lord Protector and the
English Puritan Commonwealth
no lessons had been learnt as a new Proclamation was now also put out by those in
authority in the Ascendancy in England against not only
the
Catholics, but also the
Lowland Presbyterians, the Independents,
the
Anabaptists, the Quakers and any of the other
Non - Conformist
Dissenters to the Ascendancy
Episcopalian Church of England
(who had
now well and truly regained its particular Ascendancy
position in England and Ireland).
Jeremy Taylor the newly
appointed Ascendancy Church of England Bishop
in Ireland was to immediately declare many of
the Presbyterian livings
vacant immediately for not conforming to the
Ascendancy Church of England, and was to
remove
70
altogether from their previous positions as ministers.
November: George Monck the English appointed Lord Lieutenant in Ireland resigned his position, allowing James "Black Tom" Butler the 1st Marquis of Ormonde and Lord High Steward of England to replace him.
"The Book of Kells" of 94.St. Columbcille / Columba, acknowledged as the most beautiful book in the World, containing 344 pages, was handed over to Trinity College, in among the collection of 10,000 books from the library of Ussher the previous Ascendancy Church of England Bishop.
1662
AD Petitions were now either granted, or refused, for the restoration of the
confiscated Estates in
Ireland that had been taken over during the
Oliver Cromwell Puritan Invasion and the foreign non - Catholic plantations in 1653
AD
April:
The English Ascendancy
Parliament's "Act of Settlement
for
Ireland"
gave force to
Charles 11's declaration of land
re -
instatement and was to be carried out by
7 Commissioners and all of the land in
Ireland
previously confiscated
since the
23rd October 1641
AD was to be vested
in the English Crown
for confirming of the
Adventurers
Act, as a payment to the officers this time who had served previously under
James "Black Jack" Butler before the 5th
June 1649 AD, and for the restoration of dispossessed landowners from the
within the various
classes.
July:
James "Black Jack" Butler,
as the English appointed Viceroy
in Ireland
for Charles 11,
arrived back into Ireland to take
over control
for the new Ascendancy Anglo Government in
Ireland,
which was
previously governed by
Sir
Maurice Eustace who was
now the English appointed Lord Chancellor
in Ireland, and
Lord Broghill the
English Earl of Orrery,
while the other well known fence walker and "survivor"
Sir
Charles Coote became the
English Earl of Mountrath.
The merchants in the English Ascendancy Parliament were
now once again well and truly in charge,
and an English Act was
then also passed,"
To
forbid the
export of Irish wool," and
then another,"
To encourage
strangers into
Ireland, with foreign non - Catholic French
Huguenots,
Quakers and Dutch inside the walls, and
the Irish
Catholics outside the walls."
The largest town at this time in the Ulster Province was Carrickfergus in Co. Antrim in the north - east.
Antrim Castle, situated on the road to Lough Neagh, was burnt out and Castle Caldwell in Co. Fermanagh in the south - west was renamed by James Caldwell to suite.
Florentinus Moyre was the last of his family to be the "Keeper / Maor of the Book of Armagh" there, until it later came into the hands of Arthur Brownlow whose family were to hold on to it until 1853 AD.
A new theatre was also built in
Smock Alley
in
Dublin
in
Co. Dublin in
Southern Leinster.
1663 AD May: Captain Thomas Blood organized a conspiracy to seize the Dublin Castle and overthrow the new English Ascendancy Government authority there, demanding security for the recent non - Catholic "planters" in Ireland, but this particular cause was doomed to failure from the start, while the Presbyterians were also believed to be involved in it by the Dublin Castle authority, and they then moved against their ministers once again who were arrested, but without any evidence to back it up they then had to be released.
August:
800 claims
were heard for the re - instatement of the previous recent confiscated
Estates
in Ireland, of which
700 were
to be confirmed for the return of the land, with still more claims to be heard, which
naturally frightened the various foreign non
- Catholics who had recently been "planted" on the land in
Ireland
during
Oliver Cromwell's rule.
The new English
Ascendancy Parliament was by now well and truly
under the control once again of the merchant
class, who
also brought in another
Act to suite,
"To restrict Irish trade with the
Colonies, and cattle exports to England
during June and December."
Mac Ennis
/ Mac Guinness
began the construction of a
Castle at
Narrow Water in
Co. Down
in the
north of Warren Point in the south - east
of the
Ulster Province.
1664 - 1666 AD Saw the
Second Anglo - Dutch War where the
English
Ascendancy Parliament, which was once again well and truly under the control of the
merchants, attacking the Dutch
without any warning, and before they had even declared War on
New Amsterdam (New York)
in the New World / America with
the English
shipping now being the superior one.
1664
- 1667
AD The sea trade carried out by the
merchants in England
during this period were to be hindered by the
Dutch,
and the English merchants were to be in trouble financially, and this also effected
the finances of
Charles 11,
but he would
not call an English Parliament during his reign for fear that they might call an inquiry.
1665 AD Saw the last of the "Bubonic Plague" particularly in
London.
The
English Ascendancy Parliament passed an
"Act of Explanation," which declared that all cases already heard for the
re - instatement of the confiscated Estates in Ireland were to be
confirmed, but there was to be
no more claims, and the previous
Adventurers and
Cromwell soldiers now had to
give up one third of whatever land they were holding onto in
Ireland, which upset the present members in the
Ascendancy Anglo
House of Commons in
Ireland.
During the 1660's
Peter Walsh, a
Franciscan, put forward
the Loyal Remonstrance, which
was a declaration of loyalty to Charles 11 the English King, thereby disowning the allegiance to the
Pope and denying his right to depose
sovereigns, but it was condemned by the
Catholic Bishops and in reality had no
support in Ireland.
The Catholic Irish who were still 75% of the population and therefore the majority in Ireland were by now holding onto only 20% of the land in Ireland, while the introduced minority foreign non - Catholic "planters" who were by now basically Ascendancy Episcopalian Church of England / Ireland and Lowland Presbyterian "planters" were holding the other 80%.
Once again the merchant's control in the English Ascendancy Parliament came to the fore when "Irish export of cattle, milk, butter and cheese was also forbidden."
At this time the
Church of England / Ireland at
Kilkenny
in Co. Kilkenny in the south - west of
Southern Leinster was
conducting only
one sermon a year, and this was only when their minister came
to collect his Tithes to the Church of
England / Ireland, and this also saw another
"Ascendancy Act"
passed,"
That non - Conformists
to the Church of England / Ireland must not conduct
religious services within 5 mile of a
town."
Sir
William Petty founded
Kenmare
/
Ceann Mara (The Head of the Sea)
in
Co. Kerry
in the south - west of the
Munster Province,
which was known in Irish as
Nedeen / Neroin
(Little Nest) up to
1800 AD, which was situated at the head of
Kenmare
Bay where the
River Roughty runs to the sea
through O
Roughtan's
Glen at the mouth of
the Falls of
Sheen /
Sioean (Fairy Hill) on the
Castletown -
Bearhaven road and he then bought in further
"foreign"
English
non - Catholic
planters there and conducted an
Ironworks importing ore, while using all of the
available timber in that region for fuel,
until it was to be eventually wiped out completely.
James "Black Tom" Butler the English 1st Marquis of Ormonde founded a woollen industry at Carrick on the River Suir in Co. Tipperary in the north - east of the Munster Province, which was to last until the 19th Century AD, in an area that was one of his chief strongholds, and there are still some of the ruins their to see today.
The Bindons of Clooney - Quin who were English Land Lords in the north - east of Co. Clare in the north - west of Munster, held the Clooney House and the surrounding confiscated Estate of Toonagh.
1666 AD Religious opportunism once again occurred in England when the great fire of London was maliciously blamed on the Jesuits who were a Catholic teaching order.
The last
Ascendancy Anglo Parliament
was held in Ireland, and
Charles 11
in
England ignored the
previous
Treaty
made by his father,
Charles
1st with the
Catholic Irish in
Ireland, in which those who
submitted would be returned their original lands, and he gave the
Heberian Dal gCais Mac Mahon's, (who were previously the
recent
Lords of
Corcabascin,)
Carrigaholt Castle situated near the sea in
Co. Clare, back to the
O Briens, while
one third
of the lands only were returned, with the other two thirds still retained by
the "transplanted" non - Catholic foreign
"planters"
there.
May:
The English Military garrison at
Carrickfergus in
the north - east of the
Ulster
Province,
which was still the largest town there at this time, were
unpaid and desperate,
so they carried out a revolt, that was soon brought under control by the
English authorities in the
Dublin Castle (The Devil's 1/2 acre.)
The merchants in the
English
Ascendancy Parliament took their advantage once again making the previous "Prohibition for the export of live cattle
from
Ireland
during
June
and
December
absolute."
July 2nd:
Charles 11
the third Stuart English King just like his father,
Charles 1'st before him
desperately wanted the revenues and control
of Ireland
for
himself, and due
to the carelessness and incompetency of
Lord Anglesley as the appointed English Vice -
Treasurer in Ireland under
James "Black Tom" Butler's
administration, the English
Duke of Buckingham
and the other well known "survivor" Lord Broghill
the English Earl of Orrery
would be able to eventually persuade him to change the government there,
Another castle was
also constructed this year at
Killyleagh
/ Cill Ui Laoch on the western shores of
Stangford Loch /
Loch Cuan in
Co. Down
in the south - east of the Ulster
Province
against the
Irish Septs throughout that region.
Continuing on from the historical work of the
4 Masters / The Annals of
Ulster, the
"Book of Genealogies"
was to be written at
St. Nicholas' College
in Galway in
Co. Galway in Southern
Connacht from
1650 AD up to this year by
Duald Mac Firbis
/ Dubhaltach
Mac Firbisigh
the Heremonian Dal Cuinn
"northern" Ui Fiachrach
Ui Dubhda
historian
of Lecain,
which was also to include many now
lost local records.
1667 AD
The
Mac Carthy
Mor
the Heberian Eoghanacht Chaisil Chieftain
also had his territory confiscated
this year and was
driven off in
Co. Kerry
More Irish territory in Co. Clare was now confiscated and given over to prominent "survivors," including Daniel O Brien the English appointed Lord Viscount Clare and the English Earl of Inchiquin, and the Ascendancy Episcopalian Church of England Bishop at Killaloe in Co. Clare in the north - west of the Munster Province, while more "foreign non - Catholic Dutch planters," as well as non - Catholic English "planters," were granted further confiscated land in Ireland with the property of O Callaghan - Westropp being one of these also in the east of Co. Clare.
Barnewall, the English Baron Trimblestone, died this year, and his remains were interred in Kilbonnell Friary in Co Galway after having also been previously "transplanted" into the Connacht Province by Oliver Cromwell, and his family at one time had been one of the most important in The English Pale in Dublin in Co. Dublin in Southern Leinster.
Jonathon Swift
was born in
Dublin in
Co. Dublin in
Southern Leinster,
who
would be educated at
Kilkenny
in Co. Kilkenny in the south - west of
Southern Leinster and
at
Trinity College
in Dublin in Co. Dublin
in the north - east of
Southern Leinster, and he would later become the author of
"Gulliver's Travels," and produce numerous articles anonymously against the
English AScendancys Government's malicious treatment of the Irish
population generally.
1669
AD James O Phelan / Ua
Faolain from the Heremonian
Ui Cobhthaigh Ui Felim Sept became the Catholic Bishop of
Ossory in Co.
Kilkenny in Southern Leinster until 1695 AD.
February: James "Black Jack" Butler, the 1st Marquis of Ormonde who mainly had his vast confiscated Estates in Co. Kilkenny / Ossory in the south - west of Southern Leinster, who had previously controlled Ireland for Charles 11 was now removed from his " official"Viceroy position. (Charles 11's friend the Earl of Clarendon, had also lost favour 18 months before).
March: Lord Robartes was appointed by Charles 11" to replace James "Black Jack" Butler the 1st Marquis of Ormonde, but was also to be also removed within a year at his own request, and the Ministerial Cabal in England was able to put forward Lord Berkeley of Stratton to replace him who was to make overtures to the Catholic Irish clergy in a spirit of reconciliation, which was to upset the Ascendancy Church of England / Ireland members no end.
The
English Ascendancy Parliament, who were by now once again completely under the control of the
merchants
there, struck again and now "Prohibited
Irish Wool
exports
to any
Country."
1670 AD Despite all of the previous ethnic and sectarian oppression at this time a Catholic Franciscan schoolmaster was still in every Parish in Co. Limerick in the north - west of the Munster Province, and Latin was very frequently spoken among the Irish Septs especially in Co. Kerry in the south - west of Munster.
The
English Ascendancy Parliament, once again showing the
ever growing strength of the merchants there, now passed the
Navigation Act,
"Prohibiting the importation of goods by the
Irish
from the
Colonies," ensuring
that they had to be first landed into
England.
Turlough O Carolan
/ Tairdelbach Ua Cearbhallain,
who was to be
the last surviving
Irish Bard,
was born at
Nobber in
Co. Meath