RAINBOW FARMS AUSTRALIA
1681 - 1688 AD
James 11
1681 AD
April:
The
English Ascendancy Parliament at
Oxford was
dissolved, and
Charles 11
sent word in secret to
James "Black Tom"
Butler
the Royalist first Marquis of Ormonde and English Viceroy in
Ireland who was still in charge on his behalf in
Ireland that
he still supported him.
July 1st: St. Oliver Plunkett, the Irish Catholic Heberian Dal gCais Ui Bloid Ui Turlough Archbishop of Armagh, after a travesty of a trial, had been falsely condemned by the Ascendancy of High Treason and executed by hanging at Tyburn, and was then drawn and quartered, as the last notable victim of the narrow - minded, greedy Conservative Whigs in the English Ascendancy Parliament and because of his strong committment to the Catholic Faith and his people he would be beatified later on by Pope Benedict XV in 1920, and then canonized by Pope Paul V1 in 1975 becoming Ireland's second beatified Saint along with St. Malachy Morgair Ireland's original beatified Saint and his remains were to be interred at St. Giles In The Fields until 1683.
Redmond O Hanlon
from
the Heremonian
Dal Cuinn Colla Da Crioch Sept,
who was known as the
"Irish
Tori Rebel," had continued on with the resistance
to the Ascendancy English religious and ethnic oppression in the previous territory
of his
O Hanlon ancestors who had been the
Chiefs at
Tandragee in
Co.
Armagh in the south - east of the
Ulster Province where their
territory there had been confiscated also by the English authorities and
utilised for the non
- Catholic "plantations" of
James 1st,
but he was to be finally captured after a
10 year
long campaign, and executed by firing squad with his remains
interred in the graveyard at
Terryhoogan
near Scarva. Despite his demise his original long running campaign of
guerrilla warfare
against the English ethnic and sectarian oppression was to be commemorated by others there who
were to continue on
in the same vein against the never - ending aggression.
1682 AD Dublin's population was now up to 60,000 persons.
April:
James "Black Jack" Butler,
the Royalist 1st Marquis of Ormonde in
Co. Kilkenny in the south - east of
Southern Leinster, was called to
London by
Charles 11, were
he was now "officially" created the
1st Duke of Ormonde,
as he had served the
English
Royalist
cause for 50
years
and he was to remain there as his advisor on
Irish
affairs for another
2 years.
Edmond Malone
/ Ua Maoileoin
(Descended from a devotee of St. John) was born this year in
Porchester
in
Co. Meath
in the south - east of Northern Leinster and was to grow up
to be
7`7" in
height.
1683 AD The remains of St. Oliver Plunkett was removed from St. Giles In The Fields in England to Landspring in Germany under Charles 11 and his head is in the Convent of St. Catherine in Drogheda in Co. Louth in Northern Leinster.
The
Philosophical Society was founded in
the City of Cork
in Co. Cork in
Southern Munster, with 2 notable members of the
anti - Catholic Ascendancy being involved,
Sir
William Petty as
it's President, and
William Molyneux
as a member.
Michael O Dea
the son of
Conor
Cron
O Dea
/ Day
from the Heberian Dal gCais
Sept,
descended from
*92.Aengus
Cinnathrach
/
Oengus Ceann Nathrach,
the fifth son of 91.Cas the
King
of Thomond
/ Tuaisceart Mhumhain / Northern Munster,
repaired the
ancient
White Cross of
St. Tola at
Dysert O Dea
in the previous O Dea / Ui Deaghaidh
kingdom and territory situated between
Corofin
and
Ennis
in
Co. Clare in the north - west
of the
Munster Province.
1684
AD
A
Commission
of Grace was instituted in
Ireland in March this year, where landholders could
purchase their land titles with
money to compensate the dispossessed.
James "Black Jack" Butler, the
Royalist anti - Catholic 1st Duke of
Ormonde,
was now over
70
years
of age, and he returned to
Ireland
after being advised that he was to continue as the
English Lord
Lieutenant in
Ireland forever, but within
3 months
Charles 11
advised him, that due to his
continuing hardline stance against Catholics he was to
be replaced, and
Laurence Hyde,
the
younger son of the previous old hardline anti - Catholic
English
Chancellor Lord Clarendon,
who was the English
Earl of
Rochester,
and a brother - in - law to Charles 11's younger brother,
James
the
Catholic
Duke of
York, was to take up this position instead.
(James the Duke of York
who would become James 11 was never afraid to acknowledge that he was a
Catholic and had
been allowing
Catholic officers into the army in
Ireland,
which was against the
English Ascendancy
Test Act of
1673 AD.)
1685 AD
February:
Charles 11,
died, and received the last rites of the
Catholic Church,
and
his brother,
James
the
Duke of
York became
James 11
the
fourth Stuart
Catholic King of England, against the wishes of the hard - line
Conservative Ascendancy in England and Ireland, and
to make matters worse he had also recently married the young,
Catholic girl,
Mary
of Modena,
which led to
further fears among the hard - liners of a future Catholic heir
and even Catholic
rights reform under English Common Law for the return of all previous
confiscated property.
James
11,
re - called
James "Black Tom" Butler
the anti - Catholic Royalist 1st Duke
of
Ormonde to
London, and
put in
the
two
Ascendancy
Church of England
Episcopalian
Lord Justices, Archbishop Boyle
and
Lord Granard,
to run
Ireland
on his behalf, while
Richard Talbot,
a
Catholic was appointed to the position of
Colonel of
the Horse Regiment
there, which also upset many
anti - Catholic
Ascendancy
hardliners, who were serving under him,
but later on
Richard Talbot
would become the
English Earl of Tyrconnell, while
Lord Granard
was to be
the Army
Marshall, but
Richard Talbot was
the one who would be actually in command.
The
Duke of
Monmouth, who was an illegitimate son of
Charles 11, and
Campbell
the Scottish
Earl of Argyle who were both
"survivors" and anti - Catholic
hardliners, began a
rebellion in
England, after they had landed from
Holland to
try and remove
James
11 the
fourth Stuart King
of England from his position, and this revolt then gave
Richard Talbot
the opportunity to disarm the English Militia in
Ireland.
The
French
King revoked the
Edict of Nantes,
and
10,000
Huguenots (French Calvinists)
arrived into
Ireland,
who were
nearly all from the
La Rochelle
area, and most of these were to also eventually inter - marry
with the
Irish
people.
August:
Laurence Hyde, the
Earl of Rochester,
who had been in line to succeed
James "Black Jack" Butler
as the
English Lord Lieutenant in
Ireland, instead became the
Lord Treasurer
in
England, and
his elder brother the
second Earl of
Clarendon,
was given the position in Ireland
instead, and both of these because of their upbringing were also to be staunch
Ascendancy
Episcopalian Church of England
adherents and brother - in - laws to
James 11,
1686 AD January: The second English Earl of Clarendon, took up his position as the English Lord Lieutenant in Ireland, where Richard Talbot was by now placing many of the Catholic Irish into positions of authority, including judges, officers and councillors, and James 11 also ordered that the Jesuits were to be in charge of the Government controlled schools, and for Catholic hierarchy payments to be authorised. At this time it was recorded in Co. Meath alone in the south - east of Northern Leinster, only 4 of the Church of England / Ireland buildings, were still useable, from those taken over during the confiscations of the Catholic Church Institutions by Henry V111, from the 42 original Parishes that were confiscated originally.
1687 AD The population of
Ireland
had increased again and
now stood at
2,000,000
people.
James 11,
the fourth Stuart Catholic King of England, revoked the Charter of his grandfather,
James 1st
in
creating the
City of
Kilkenny and
Co. Kilkenny itself in the south - west of
Southern Leinster
and Co.
Sligo
in the north - west of the
Connacht Province
was partitioned and the
territories of
Cloonamahon
and
Cloonamahon Beg
were returned to
Charles O Hart,
the brother of
John O Hart
the Catholic
Bishop of
Achrony
there who was to live at
Cloonamahon
until he and his brother were to lose their territory again and be
dispossessed in the future in 1737 AD under German
George 11, the second Ascendancy German King of England for refusing to
take the Oath of Religious Supremacy to him.
January:
James 11,
the Catholic Stuart King of England
now
under the influence of the
Earl of
Sunderland,
abandoned any further attempts of trying to compromise
with the Ascendancy anti - Catholic hard - liners, and decided to also break with
his in - laws the
Hyde
brothers, who were strong Ascendancy
Episcopalian Church of England
supporters who had been bought up under the influence of their
extremly hard -
line totally anti - Catholic
father, the previously deceased first
Earl of
Clarendon
the previous
English Chancellor.
James 11
now also replaced his brother - in - law the
Earl of
Rochester,
as the
Lord Treasurer in
England, and recalled his other brother - in - law the
second
Earl of
Clarendon,
from his position as the
English Lord Lieutenant in
Ireland.
February: Hyde the second Earl of Clarendon was replaced by Richard Talbot, the future Catholic Earl of Tyrconnell, as the English Lord Deputy in Ireland, which did not naturally set too well with the Ascendancy Establishment there, who had long been in total overall control in Ireland and Richard Talbot as the new English Lord Deputy in Ireland then tried to repeal the English Act of Settlement, to try and return their confiscated land to the Irish and the Anglo - Irish / Old English, which also made the many thousands of "foreign" non - Catholic "planters" naturally feel unsafe, as to their land titles. The English Ascendancy merchants in Ireland began returning to the safety of London, while any of the army forces, who were dismissed went to Holland to join up with Prince William of Orange, whose mother, Mary Stuart was a sister to Charles 11 and James 11 and he was also married to Mary Stuart, James 11's Episcopalian reared daughter from his deceased first wife, Anne Hyde, who had been a daughter of the hard - line anti - Catholic first Lord Clarendon and a sister to the Earl of Rochester and the second Earl of Clarendon. (They had all been heavily influenced by their their father the Earl of Clarendon who had been a very extreme hard - line anti - Catholic, but Anne Hyde herself had later onl become a Catholic).
Richard Talbot, as the English Lord Deputy in Ireland, seeing some hope of normality now replaced those who were dismissed or left the army of their own accord with Catholic Irish, appointing judges and sheriffs in nearly every County, and compelled the towns to surrender up their charters and accept new ones that now included Catholic Corporations, while the Ascendancy Establishment, who had always been in overall control of their destiny and especially the destiny of the majority in Ireland, began to panic with many returning to England also, where they complained loudly, especially when the Catholic Irish troops began to arrive in England to support James 11. Richard Talbot had sent them over as reliable contingents to strengthen James 11's position there, but in doing so he had weakened his own garrisons in the Ulster Province, which was to create dire circumstances for him later on, especially in Co. Derry.
Colonel
Denis Mac Gillicuddy / O Sullivan was to be the Sheriff of
Co. Kerry in Desmond / Southern Munster at
this time.
1688 AD James 11
the Catholic Stuart King of England's wife the
Catholic Mary of
Modena gave birth to a baby boy James Edward Stuart
/ The Old Pretender and all hell broke loose among the Ascendancy Establisment and James 11 was
to be deposed and the Williamite Wars begin as moves were made to continue on
with the Ascendancy by bringing in
Wiliam of Orange and
Mary Stuart, James 11's Ascendancy daughter from
Holland.
July:
James "Black Jack" Butler
the
Royalist first
Duke of Ormonde,
died, and another
James Butler who was his great - grandson
was to become the
thirteenth English Earl of Ormonde, Earl of Ossory and
second Duke
(de jure) until 1745 AD.
James 11,
the Catholic fourth Stuart King of England
had 7 of
the Ascendancy's Church of
England Bishops in England arrested for not reading out the
"Declaration of
Indulgence" in their
Dioceses "For
the Toleration of Catholics and
non - Conformists," but they were to be eventually
acquitted, while the
Lowland
Presbyterians
in
Scotland, were also against him because he was
a declared Catholic and now to add to
their woes he had
also previously married
the
14 year
old Catholic, Mary of Modena,
who had since produced an
English
Catholic male heir, while his previous wife, the deceased
Anne Hyde, had
produced only
3
daughters. James 11, now in fear of his life, went to
St. Germain
to seek the protection of his kinsman the
French King Louis
XIV,
which
suited the purposes of the
English Ascendancy
Parliament, who were to use his departure as a means to
depose him, as they
had previously been trying to get
William
of Orange,
his non - Catholic son - in law and nephew, to
come over from Holland and overthrow him, to keep the
Ascendancy flag flying.
Despite this both
Ireland and
Scotland
were against the imposition of
William
of Orange, a
foreigner, by the
English Ascendancy
Parliament as he was in reality
the foreign Dutch ruler of
Holland,
but those in
authority in Scotland,
once again
eventually gave in.
William
of
Orange was
James 11's son - in - law and his nephew as he was also the son of
James 11's
eldest sister,
Mary
Stuart. (Their
main ancestor Mary Stuart had been the Catholic Queen of Scotland
Mary Queen of Scots
who had been beheaded by her cousin Elizabeth 1st, )
Meanwhile in Ireland, with the Ascendancy there now under some control the Catholic Irish had finally gained some possibility over their own destiny with Richard Talbot still acting as the English Lord Deputy in Ireland, who was hoping to actually return the confiscated land there back to the Irish and the Anglo - Irish / Old English population, but he was also up against the genuine fear of the many thousands of foreign non - Catholic "planters," who were also developing a "siege mentality," which would persist, and still be noticeable even in more modern times, especially in the Ulster Province.
Colonel
Roger Mac Elligott / O
Sullivan returned to Ireland.
November: William of Orange arrived at Torbay in England with 24,000 foreign troops, after receiving approval from Pope Innocent XI to resist the French Jesuits and the Gallican Church, and was also supported by another daughter of James 11, the future English Queen, Anne who due to her upbringing also was totally dedicated to the Ascendancy Episcopalian Church of England, and against her father James 11 whose Royalist forces in England, were to come up against William of Orange and his forces at Salisbury, where some of James 11's own English Army went over to support William of Orange, so in a panic he was to flee to France, but not before he ordered the English Fleet to sail to Ireland.
In Ireland there was conflict occurring at the Ironworks at Kenmare / Nedeen in Co. Kerry in the south - west of the Munster Province, that was owned by Sir William Petty the English Government physician, the ancestor of the Lansdowne family there at Kenmare, while the Irish population there of 3,000, who were now under the control of Richard Talbot the Catholic Lord Deputy in Ireland, drove out the 75 English non - Catholic "planters," that Sir William Petty had brought in there in 1670 AD, but despite this initial result the English forces were to be able to take back Kenmare, and also Bandon in Co. Cork, until they were eventually forced to give them up once again.
December: Richard Talbot was by now feeling the effects of losing the support of the Irish troops that he had sent over to England from the Ulster Province, and the situation in Ulster was by now not very good for the Irish Septs there.
December 7th: James
11's
exchange garrison was refused entry into
Derry City
in Co. Derry in
the north - east of the Ulster Province, after the
Apprentice Boys
there had locked the
Ferry Quay
gate on them and James 11's
Redshanks Troops,
who were now
under the control of
Alexander Mac Donnell the Catholic
Lord
of Antrim there
in Ulster
were composed of
1200
Irish
who were to lay siege to
Derry City for 105 days without any real success.
Peter Walsh the Franciscan, died this year, who had written the Loyal Remonstrance, that had promised the allegiance of all Irish Catholics to the English Crown, in the hope of winning Catholic rights for the people in Ireland, by not acknowledging the Pope's Ecclesiastical authority over them, and for doing so he had since been excommunicated and expelled from the Franciscan Order.