SLEEPING -  Conditions / see Insomnia. 

SMOKING - Causes 1/3 of all Cancer deaths and 1/4 of the fatal Heart Attacks and 40% of smokers die before retirement age. Smoking damages the Blood Vessels and produces an increased risk of Impotence and the Capillaries in the Faces of Women creating Wrinkles. Herbs: Carrot: contain Carotenoids / Orange colour - related to Vitamin A and they and other foods assist to prevent Cancer especially if consumed fresh rather then in Capsules as isolating one beneficial chemical takes it out of context altering the synergy. Liquorice Root: chewed on can assist to satisfy the oral cravings of cigarette addiction. N.B: Long term use or ingesting excessive amounts can produce Headache, Lethargy, Sodium & Water retention, excessive loss of Potassium & High Blood Pressure. Red Clover: used to prevent Cancer as tumours need a Blood supply to grow and send out biochemical signals that coax the Body into growing Blood Vessels right into them - Angiogenesis. Red Clover contains Genistein, which has an Anti - Angiogenic effect. Chew on fresh Clover Flowers or add to Salads or anything else containing Genistein such as Groundnuts, Peanuts or Soybeans. If continuing smoking drink Red Clover Tea to obtain some protection against Cancer. Yellow Root: brew a Tea or chew on the Bitter Twig like a Liquorice Root. It could also prevent cavities.

SNORING: Rub Phytolacca Ointment under and around the Nose.

SORES: Herbs; Calendula: used to reduce Inflammation and speed healing with the Flowers used externally in Infusions, Ointments and Tinctures. Used also to prevent Staphylococcus infection. Can be used as a Cream or Ointment also. Chives: with the diluted Juice Externally. Comfrey: used to treat Sores and Wounds as it contains Allantoin a compound that promotes new Cell growth and is an Anti - Inflammatory that stimulates the Immune System and has Astringent Tannins. Use as a Poultice or strong Tea externally as a wash for treating more serious Leg Ulcers. Use a Leaf or Root Poultice for the first few days and then switch to Comfrey Ointment or Paste and cover with a firm Compression bandage. N.B: Contains Carcinogenic compounds, Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids that can cause Liver damage if ingested. Chamomile: is Anti - Inflammatory, Immune stimulating and Anti - Septic used to treat Leg Ulcers and can be used as an Extract or Compress soaked in a strong Tea. Tea: Put a large handful of fresh Chamomile Flowers or several teaspoons of dried herb in a cup and cover with boiling water and let it cool then strain and apply with a sterile cloth. N.B: If you have Hay Fever use cautiously as it is a member of the Ragweed Family and may trigger allergic reaction in some. If it causes any aggravation stop using. Country Mallow: the Leaves contain a water - soluble fibre, Mucilage, that assists to soothe applied as a Poultice and it seems to have broad spectrum anti - Septic properties. Ginkgo: used to treat Leg Ulcers as a 50:1 Extract @ 60 - 240gm a day. N.B: Do not go any higher with the dosage as it may cause Diarrhoea Irritability and Restlessness. Dragon's Blood: use the whole herb on Abrasions & Cuts. Gotu Kola Extract: used to treat Skin Ulcers, surgical wounds, Gangrene, Skin grafts and traumatic Skin injuries by stimulating regrowth of normal connective Tissue that underlies the Skin with an active constituent that seems to be Asiatic Acid. Externally soak a cotton ball in the Extract and wipe over the affected area. Tea: follow the directions on the package. Tea: contains many of the same compounds that are in Dragon's Blood as it is Anti - Septic and Astringent and assists to promote Skin healing after consuming the Tea lay the moist Tea bag or dregs on the Sore. Tea Tree Oil: used as an Anti - Septic against a broad range of Bacteria. Dilute with several drops to a couple of tablespoons of any Vegetable Oil. N.B: If it irritates the Skin stop using and do not ingest as Essential Oils are extremely concentrated and can be Toxic.  

SORE THROAT: Symptoms: Mucus and Phlegm gather in the Throat and can create irritation, an ideal medium for Bacteria and this is usually a sign of more to come and if not treated further Upper Respiratory Infections may follow.

Cause: Typical first symptom of Colds, exposure to Chemical irritants or by Streptococcus Bacteria - Strep Throat. Gargle the Throat with warm water and Salt by dissolving 2 teaspoons of Salt in warm water, and spit out to soothe the Throat and remove the Mucus as the Salt as an anti - Septic will kill the Bacteria on the Mucous Membrane of the Mouth and Throat. 

Herbs: Agrimony: used to soothe Inflamed Mucous Membranes of the Mouth and Throat. Tea: 2 - 3 teaspoons of dried herb per cup of boiling water. Anise: tastes like Liquorice and is used as a flavouring agent in many Liquorice items but is not as Throat soothing as real Liquorice but can be used for Respiratory Conditions especially a Cough that produces Phlegm as it assists to break up the Bronchial Congestion. Tea: Pour a cup of boiling water over 1 - 2 teaspoons of crushed Aniseed and steep for 10 - 15 minutes then strain before drinking up to 2 cups a day. Balloon Flower Root or Extract: used for Coughs and Sore Throats. Use as a Tea or Tincture. Burnet - Saxifrage Root: used for treating Sore Throat and Upper Respiratory Infections. Tea: Simmer 3 - 6 teaspoons per cup of boiling water for 20 minutes and let cool before drinking and add a little Liquorice as well. Eucalyptus: used to treat Sore Throats as the Aromatic Oil has a cooling effect on Inflamed Tissue and the Tannins exert soothing Astringent action. 2 drops in a teaspoon of Honey. Tea: Use a few teaspoons of crushed Leaf per up of boiling water. Garlic: used for Upper Respiratory Conditions as it is Anti - Viral and Anti - Bacterial. Use as a Tea or Gargle. Ginger: use as a Gargle and add Ginger to Apple Cider Vinegar, Honey and Lemon Juice. Honeysuckle Flowers: used to treat Bronchitis, Colds, Flu, Pneumonia, Sore Throats and Tonsillitis as it contains 20 Anti - Septic compounds including Borneol. Also can be used with Forsythia Flowers and / or in hot Lemonade sweetened with Liquorice. Knotgrass: Tea: 2 - 3 teaspoons of dried herb per cup of boiling water to treat Sore Throat and mild Respiratory Conditions as it is an Astringent. Liquorice: as it has an Expectorant effect to treat Colds and other Respiratory Conditions. Take 3 cups of water and 5 - 7 teaspoons of Root pieces and bring to the boil then simmer until 1/2 the water is boiled away. Marsh Mallow: used to treat Sore Throats and many other Conditions as it contains a soothing water - soluble Fibre, Mucilage, that is effective at easing Throat pain and also has Anti - Inflammatory action. Used also to soothe irritation of the Mucous Membranes of the Mouth and Throat and associated Dry Cough. Tea: 3 teaspoons of crumbled Root per cup of boiling water. Myrrh: by adding the Tincture to water and use as a Gargle or Mouth - Wash. Plantain: used Externally to soothe for Skin Conditions and for Sore Throat & Inflammation of the Mucous Membranes of the Mouth & Throat as it has Bactericidal activity. N.B: Do not heat but use 3 - 4 teaspoons of the herb in cold water or Juice and also contains Allantoin a chemical that promotes healing of injured Skin Cells. Slippery Elm Bark: used all - round to soothe the Throat, Digestive Tract and Respiratory System as it contains the compounds, Oligomeric Procyanidins that have Anti - Septic and Anti - Allergic action and coats the Throat reducing Inflammation and Pain. Thyme: as an Infusion Gargle and as an anti - Septic as the Oil content eases. Wintergreen: has a cooling, soothing flavour and contains Methyl Salicylate a herbal form of Aspirin to treat Sore Throat pain. Use as a Gargle for fast cooling of Inflamed Throat Tissue and as a Tea for pain relief. Tea or Gargle: 15 - 25 Leaves in a cup of boiling water for both. Iron Phosphate: has Anti - Inflammatory properties. Potassium Chloride: has Anti - Inflammatory properties. Zinc: has Anti - Inflammatory properties. Formula: Iron Phosphate, Potassium Chloride, Vitamin C; 2000mg a day, Echinacea: as an Extract or dried herb, Garlic: 2000mg a day, Slippery Elm: 3 times a day.  

SPASTIC COLON - see Colon.  

SPINAL -  Conditions: Cause: Degeneration of the Discs between the Vertebrae is usually due to inadequate Vitamin C. Treatment: 30 grams Vitamin C Intravenously twice a week for 2 - 3 weeks then orally in the feed. * Use Seaweed Meal and Dolomite in the diet to ensure Minerals.

SPLINTERS: Pat area with Vegetable Oil before removal with tweezers. Draw Splinters with a Castor Oil or Potato Compress. Hard or Small Splinters: dab on White Glue and let it dry and peel off. Herbs: Use Lavender Oil or Ta Tree Oil.

SPLINTS: Horses: Bony Lumps on the inside of the Front Legs below the Knee, which are more serious closer to the Knee.

Cause: Trauma to the Periosteum - Bone Cover by Injury or Stress on the Legs from poor Conformation, inappropriate Work, Mineral deficiencies. Due to inadequate Bone building material in the diet while growing, similar Condition to Open Knees. Original Cause: Ensure there is a natural and sufficient Mineral intake in the diet while in the Mare and during the growing period to prevent occurring later on by using Dolomite and Seaweed Meal regularly in the diet.

Treatment: Apply pressure to the Splint and if there is a reaction or the Horse is lame then check for Fractures. (X - Ray) N.B: Broken Skin - Use Witch Hazel Lotion or Ointment instead of Arnica to treat Bruising.  First - Ice Packs, then Arnica Ointment and Pressure Bandage with Pads underneath, not too tight as this will cause the Tendon to Bow. Compresses of Comfrey Leaves mashed or heated slightly and applied to the area under a bandage. Should clear up after 2 or 3 days unless deep seated and will take longer. Then use Comfrey Oil sparingly daily, or a Poultice. Internally: Arnica 6c (Only) not Arnica, and Bach Rescue Remedy. Slow Cure: Rub in Castor Oil two or three times a week over a few weeks or paint on Iodine twice a week producing a mild Blister, which should be checked for Irritation. Old Splints: Leave alone unless necessary or massage Castor Oil into the Splint for a few minutes daily. If Blistering occurs stop and redo every 2^nd day and it usually takes 6 - 12 weeks to clear.  

SPRAINS and STRAINS: Apply cold Compresses including Ice immediately to the area every 20 minutes for 12 hours to stop the swelling and reduce Bruising and Injury. Use Potato or Comfrey Poultices until Inflammation subsides and Poultice smells as sweet as when it went on. Then start using heat rubs to return Circulation and speed up healing further. Support a Sprain with an elastic or conforming bandage. Exercise if there is no pain. Rest the affected Joint by elevating above the Heart to reduce Pain and Swelling. Herbs: Bay Leaves: Comfrey: as a Poultice is specific as it speeds up healing. Or use Calendula or Elder Leaves and Comfrey Ointment. Thyme: as an Oil by packing a bottle loosely with the Flowering herb and cover in Olive Oil and leave standing in the Sun or in a warm position for 2 weeks. 

Horses: More likely with Horses not fed on proper Bone building ration when young making the Tendon and Ligament attachments insufficient.  Treatment: Bandage the affected part with a Pad of Apple Cider Vinegar (Either neat or 50% in water) and some liquid from boiled Comfrey Leaves as well. Restrain exercise area until the Sprain disappears. If on High Feed diet a Bran Mash should be given and cut down on the feed immediately or turn out for a month or two to rest the affected Joint or Tendon. Ensure Minerals in the diet during this period also. Leg Sprains & Strains: Use a solution composed of Witch Hazel Extract for Fluid filled Legs. Apply after cold hosing and also apply a stable bandage if required. Internally administer Devil's Claw Extract for its Anti - Inflammatory, Analgesic & healing effects, from 2 - 10ml two to three times a day mixed with equal amount of water for a few days. Quick action to remedy will prevent Osteo - Arthritic Degeneration later on. Formula: Vitamin C: 2000mg a day, Silica: 25mg a day, Zinc: 25mg a day, Cod Liver Oil: 5ml a day, Comfrey Ointment and a Heat Rub.

SPURS: Before each meal take 1 Tablespoon of Apple Cider Vinegar with Honey or Lemon in water. Eat foods rich in Silica such as Whole Grains especially Oats, fresh Greens. Pain can be alleviated with hot and cold Compresses. HERBS - Internally: Nettles. Externally: Hot Comfrey Root Poultices. 

STIES: Symptoms: A pus filled bump forms on either the inside or outside of the Eyelid and grows for a week or so and then usually subsides maybe rupturing as it heals. Cause: A Bacterial infection usually Staphylococcal of an Eyelash Follicle that can re - occur. Herbs:  Chamomile: use as an Eye Bath for Sties using hot Compresses made with the Tea. Echinacea - Coneflower: used as an Immune stimulant and has Anti - Bacterial properties with the 6mg of the compound Echinacosides equal to 1 unit of Penicillin. Can be taken orally, either as a Tea or in Capsules. Fruit and Vegetables: eat to combat infections as they are rich in Vitamins, particularly Beta - Carotene - Vitamin A precursor & Vitamins C & E to improve the Immune System. Garlic: used for many infections, as it is a potent anti - Biotic. Try to consume at least a dozen - chopped Cloves in your diet and use whenever a Sty is present. Goldenrod & Yarrow: Internally: equal parts. Goldenseal: is an Immune booster similar to Echinacea and an anti - Biotic also as it contains Berberine that is active against Staph infections and these are also contained in Barberry, Goldthread, Oregon Grape & Yellow Root. Can be taken orally in Capsules or as a Tea and is also helpful as a Compress. Potato: take fresh scrapings from the inside of a Potato place on a clean cloth and place on the Sty and relace once or twice with fresh scrapings. Thyme: apply concentrated Thyme Tea directly to the Sty with a cotton swab or Compress as it is rich in Thymol a potent Anti - Septic and also contains a dozen other Anti - Septic compounds. * Hold a warm, moist cloth against the affected Eye to hasten drainage. N.B: Do not squeeze Sties as this can spread the infection.

STIFF NECK: Hot & Cold Compresses. Internally: Bedtime Blend and Valerian.  

STIFLE LOCK / see Locked Stifle.

STINGS and BITES: Rub the Skin with fresh Walnut Leaves and use ice. Herbs: Use a few drops of Citronella, Lavender or Stinking Roger mixed with Vegetable Oil for protection and apply regularly. Ant, Hornet, Nettle or Wasp: apply Apple Cider Vinegar, Bracken, Dock, Lemon Juice or Plantain. Bee: use Ammonia, Bicarbonate Soda, or an Onion. General: Use Teat Tree Oil or Hypericum Oil / Ointment. Protection: Use Insect Repellent Cream. White Tail Spider: use Hypericum Plus Oil immediately. Horses: Apply Aloe Vera Gel to apply to soothe and heal. Hypericum Oil is also useful as an External first aid for relief. Internally: If hot and agitated from an allergic Reaction give 60ml Chamomile Tea using a Syringe as well as Rescue Remedy. Relief should be obtained after 2 x doses half an hour apart, if not a single Cortisone Injection by a Vet often works to settle.

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