RAINBOW FARMS    AUSTRALIA                                            

                                                                                                                                                    1191 - 1200 AD  

 

1191 AD  John de Courcy the Anglo - Norman Baron, who had his fortress in Castle Skrene at Bally Noe in Co. Down in the south - east of the Ulster Province in the kingdom of the Ulaid Septs, was replaced in Ireland as the English Justiciar by Prince John "Lackland," who now had the overall authority as Regent in England on behalf of his older surviving brother, Richard 1st who was actually the "official "Norman King of England, but who was to only spend 6 months in England during his 10 year reign, which allowed the deranged John "Lackland" the freedom to do whatever he craved on Rishard 1st's subjects. This major change was brought about because John de Courcy, had publicly denounced the murder of Arthur of Brittany by Prince John "Lackland" while he was highly intoxicated as Arthur of Brittany, who was also his nephew, had been the actual heir - apparent to the English Crown, after his uncle, Richard 1st, being the son of his previously deceased older brother, Geoffrey.

    The O Reilly's / Ui Raghailligh the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Breifne Kings of East Breifne who had their kingdom in Co. Cavan (The Hollow) in Southern Ulster built a castle on the hill of Tully Monganas they too were descended from 93.Fergus the direct male line ancestor also of the O Rourkes / Ui Ruairc the Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Breifne Kings of West Breifne who had their kingdom and territory nearby to the north - west in Co. Leitrim in the north of the Connacht Province.)

      Prince John "Lackland" the acting Anglo - Norman overlord in England for his brother, Richard 1st now appointed William Le Maraschell - the Marshall as the English Earl of Leinster in Ireland, who was already the English Earl of Pembroke in Wales, who was married to 115.Isabelle the daughter of Strongbow 11 the original second Earl of Pembroke from Wales and 114.Aoife / Eve the daughter of 113.Diarmait Mac Murrogh na Gall - of the Foreigners, and he was to construct a castle at Kilkenny on the River Nore in Co. Kilkenny / Ossory in the south - west of Southern Leinster, which later on would be taken over by James Butler - le buitleir who would then be the English third Earl of Ormonde in Southern Leinster. William - the Marshall then personally granted the territory of the Mac Gilla Padraigs (Fitz Patricks) the Heremonian Ui Laoghaire Ui Connla Septs in Central Ossory to the various Anglo - Norman Barons under his control there with Thomas Fitz Anthony allotted the Cantred of Kells, John de Erlee succeeded Baldwin de Hamptonsford in the Cantred of Erley, and William - the Marshall retained the Cantreds of Callan and Kilkenny for himself. Shillelogher was divided between the Graces / Le Gros of Tullaroan, St. Leger of Tullaghanbrogue, de Valle of Ballybur and Castleinch, Fitz Gerald of Burnchurch and Avenal of Kilferagh, Galmoy was divided between the Catholic Bishop of Ossory and the Archdeacons / Codys / Mac Oda, the Bigods, the Drohulls, the Fanyns, the Smiths and the Sywards. The Cantred of Odogh was granted to de Rochford, and Fitz Warrin, and later on still to de Frayne, Devereux, St. Leger and the Catholic Bishop of Ossory. (Owing to the great number of Anglo - Norman Barons represented in the region by now, the Irish Gaelic Septs in the territories there in Southern Leinster were by now well and truly under siege).

    All of the Anglo - Norman English Galls / foreign forces were now combined to try and finally submit the remaining and most dominant Irish Gaelic Fine that still existed at this time in Ireland, the Heberian Dal gCais Ui Turlogh Ui mBriain Sept in Thomond / Northern Munster, who were still under the leadership of 110.Donnell Mor O Brian the Heberian Dal gCais King of Northern Munster, and to this end they first attacked their kinsmen the Heberian Ui Turlogh O Kennedy's who had their territory in their kingdom of Ormond nearby that was situtuated in Co. Tipperary in the north - east of the Munster Province that overlapped also into Co. Kilkenny in the south - west of Southern Leinster. The Anglo - Norman forces then left the confines of Co. Tipperary and crossed over the River Shannon towards the west into Killaloe, where they then swept through Co. Clare region in the north - west of the Munster Province where to their dismay, to the south of Killaloe the Heberian Dal gCais Septs under 110.Donnell Mor O Brian the Ui mBriain 47th King of Munster were able to regroup and were waiting for them to attack, and drove them out of Co. Clare back to the eastern side of the River Shannon into Co. Tipperary. The Anglo - Norman Galls and their foreign forces then retreated further on down into Thurles in Co. Tipperary in the north - east of Munster with the Dalcassians in hot pursuit, who were then able to defeat them again, just as they had done before in their first encounter. 110.Donnell Mor O Brian this time had not only driven them from out of the territory in Upper Ormond, but also from out of Ara and Coonagh, and if the Heremonian Septs from within Southern Leinster had been there to back him up at this juncture the English may have then been driven out of Ireland forever. 110.Donnell Mor O Brian then became a church builder, including the present St. Flannan's Cathedral at Killaloe. (which would also be among the Catholic Irish Institutions that would later be taken over in the future by the Ascendancy Church of England / Ireland under the confiscations of Henry VIII in the 16th Century AD). 110.Donnell Mor O Brian also built another church at Clare Abbey on the River Fergus, between Ennis and Clarecastle in Co. Clare after he was also able to regain the City of Limerick and St. Mary's Cathedral there from the Galls / foreigners.

       The O Duffys / Ui Dubhthaigh, who also had their original territory in Co. Roscommon in the east of the Connacht Province, constructed the Boyle Abbey during the 12th Century AD in Co. Meath in the south - east of Northern Leinster.       

      John de Comyn the Anglo - Norman Catholic Archbishop of Dublin pulled down St. Patrick of Insula's Church in Dublin, and built a new St. Patrick's Catholic Church there near St. Patrick's Holy Well and the Cathedral of the Holy Trinity and it too was to be another of the Catholic Church lands and Institutions to be confiscated later on in the 16th Century AD by Henry VIII and given over to the Ascendancy Church of England / Ireland.

1193 AD Dervorgilla O Rourke, the wife of the "aged" and murdered 113.Tiernan O Rourke who had been the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Breifne King of West Breifne, who had also been a sister to Diarmait O Melaghlin / Ua Mael Sechlainn the Heremonian Dal Cuinn "southern" Ui Niaill Clann Cholmain King of Meath, died at her retreat in the Mellifont Abbey in Co. Louth in the north - east of Northern Leinster. (She had been the original spark for the expulsion of 113.Diarmait Mac Murrogh na Gall - of the Foreigners (who had also killed her brother), and the following Anglo - Norman English Invasion.)  

     Affreca, the wife of John de Courcy the Anglo - Norman Baron, who was the daughter of Gottfried the Norse Viking King of Man and the Southern Hebrides / Inse Gall (The Isle of Foreigners) founded the Cistercian Grey Abbey on Loch Cuan / Stangford Loch in Co. Down in the south - east of the Ulster Province.

1194 AD 110.Donnell Mor O Brian, died, as the last Heberian Dal gCais Ui Bloid Ui Turlogh Ui mBriain 47th King of Munster, and his eldest son, 111.Murtogh O Brian, became the new the King of Northern Munster / Thomond, who was soon taken prisoner by the Anglo - Norman English Barons who took out his eyes and brought to end his short reign, and he then became known as 111.Murtogh Dall - the Sightless O Brian and 111.Donogh / Donnchad Cairbreach O Brian who was another of 110.Donnell Mor O Brian's sons, who was a Dal gCais Chief would be known from now on only as "The O Brian." 111.Conor Ruadh - of Red Complexion O Brian, who was a nephew of 110.Donnell Mor O Brian, became the new King of Northern Munster / Thomond who was a son of 110.Turlogh O Brian, but his brother another 111.Murtogh Finn - of Fair Complexion O Brian was to be in dispute with him over his actual right to the Kingship of Thomond and with the Irish Brehon Law now totally in turmoil, there was now to be continuing ongoing internal conflicts between the various Fines of the Heberian Dal gCais Septs in Northern Munster. This new enduring conflict among the Heberian Dal gCais Septs was to allow the Anglo - Norman Barons to regain their hold over Limerick City in Co. Limerick in the mid - north - west of the Munster Province. and they now took this opportunity to expel any of the Irish population who were living there, to the other side of the River Shannon, and the result of this was to produce both "Irish Town" and English Town there.   

      Geoffrey Fitz Robert de Marisco, the Anglo - Norman Baron, founded an Augustinian friary this year at Kells in Co. Kilkenny / Ossory in the south - west of Southern Leinster.

    Melaghlin / Mael Sechlainn Mac Gilla Patrick (Fitz Patrick) who was now the Heremonian Ui Laoghaire Ui Connla King of Ossory / Co. Kilkenny in the south - west of Southern Leinster, died this year, who had been the son of Donnell Mac Gilla Patrick (Fitz Patrick), a grandson of Gilla Patrick.            

1195 AD William - the Marshall / le Maraschell the Anglo - Norman Baron, who was now also the English Earl of Leinster rebuilt a fortress at Kilkenny City in Co. Kilkenny / Ossory in the south - west of Southern Leinster that would also be rebuilt once again in the 13th Century AD as Kilkenny Castle also against the Irish Septs there. 

      Corcomroe Abbey was founded by the Cistercian Order at Corcomroe in Co. Clare in the north - west of the Munster Province were there is still an effigy to be seen of 111.Conor Ruadh - of Red Complexion O Brian the Heberian Dal gCais King of Northern Munster / Thomond at this time.

     113.Rory Mac Dunleavy / Ruaidri Dunn Sliebe the Heremonian Dal Fiatach 69th King of Ulaid whose territory was in the south - east of the Ulster Province was at this time being personally supported by John de Courcy the Anglo - Norman Baron to suite his own agenda, and their combined forces attacked Derry / Daire in Ulster and burnt down the Abbey there but despite this type of extreme attack, the Anglo - Norman Barons there in the north - ease of Ulster were never able to really gain complete control in that particular region. 

   Kells / Ceanannus Mor in Co. Meath in the south - east of Northern Leinster was situated on the very edge of the "English Pale" that by now surrounded Dublin in the north - east of Southern Leinster that was always used to protect the English Galls / foreigners within its boundaries, and also to continue to attack the Irish Septs and their territories further out both in Leinster Province and Munster Province.

   Donnell O Gara the Heberian Cianacht Catholic Bishop of Killaloe in Co. Clare in the north - east of the Munster Province, died his year. 

    Prince John "Lackland" the Plantagenet Angevin Norman English acting Regent in England for his brother, Richard 1st, renewed the charter on the Mellifont Abbey in Co. Louth in the north - east of Northern Leinster as the principal house of the Cistercian Order in Ireland.

1196 AD 112.Murtogh Mac Loughlin / Mac Lochlainn the Heremonian Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niaill Cenel nEogain 58th King of Aileach in the Ulster Province, died this year, who was the son of *111.Murtogh Mor Mac Loughlin the previous 55th King of Aileach and 174th King of Ireland - with opposition who had previously perished at the hands of O Carroll in 1166 AD for the terrible deed he did at that time while going back on his word.

        Further Irish terriory was allotted again by William - the Marshall the Anglo - Norman Baron of Leinster to the Anglo - Norman Barons under his control in Ireland in Co. Kilkenny / Ossory in the south - west of Southern Leinster, including his knights. with Thomas Fitz Anthony receiving the Cantred of Ogenty, Geoffrey Fitz Robert the Cantred of Kells, John de Erlee in succession to Baldwin de Hamptonsford the Cantred of Erley, William Maillard his standard bearer received what is now known as Mallardstown in Erley, while William -  the Marshall retained the Cantreds of Kilkenny and Callan for himself.

1197 AD O Mulderry / O Mulderry / Ua Maoldoraidh was now the Dal Cuinn Cenel Conaill "northern" Ui Niaill King of Tyrconnell / Co. Donegal in the Ulster Province where he was up against the ongoing conflicting interests of the Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niaill Cenel nEogain Mac Loughlins and their Cenel nEogain kinsmen the O Nialls.

     Patrick Gilla O Hehir the Abbot of Inis Fallen in Co. Kerry in the south - west of the Munster Province, died this year.

1198 AD 111.Conor Ruadh / Roe - of Red Complexion O Brian who was set up in the Ui Turlogh Ui mBriain territory at Killaloe in Co. Clare in the north - east of the Munster Province lost his position this year as the Heberian Dal gCais Ui mBriain King of Northern Munster / Thomond

     *115.Rory O Connor who had been the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Ai Siol Muireadhaigh / Sil Murray Ui Conchobair 183rd King of Ireland, died at 82 years of ages, after spending his declining years in the Cong Abbey in Co. Mayo in the mid - west of the Connacht Province, while leaving the Irish Gaelic Septs in Ireland totally leaderless, and his remains were interred at Clonmacnoise monastery situated on the eastern side of the River Shannon in Co. Offaly in the north - west of Southern Leinster.

        In the Heremonian Ui Laoghaire Ui Connla Mac Gilla Phadraig (Fitz Patrick) kingdom of Ossory / Co. Kilkenny in the south - west of Southern Leinster, bordering  to the west on the Munster Province, the Cantreds of Odogh, Galmoy and Shillelogher were now also sub - divided among William - the Marshall's lesser Norman knights with Grace / Le Gros granted Tullaroan, St. Leger Tullaghanbrogue and Attanagh, de Valle granted Ballbur and Castleinch, Fitz Gerald granted Burnchurch, Avemal was granted Kilferagh, the Catholic Bishop of Ossory was granted Freshford and Durrow, Bigod was granted Aghmacart, Drohull was granted Tubbridbritain, Fanyn was granted Clomantagh, Syward, and later still Fitz Gerald was also granted Glashare and Fertagh, Archdeacon / Cody was granted Galmoy (Ercke?), Smith was granted Coolcashin, de Rochford was granted Sheffin and Odagh?, Fitz Warin, and later still de Freyne, was granted Rathbeagh, and Devereux was granted Aharney. The Irish Septs who were still existing in their territory were now basically leaderless in Southern Leinster and they just tried to survive all of the mayhem that was occurring all around them.

   O Kennedy the Heberian Dal gCais Ui Bloid Ui Turlogh Abbot of Innisfallen, died this year.

1199 AD 115.Aedh Meith O Niall, one of the 2 sons of 114.Aedh - the Lazy Limbed Youth O Niall the previous King of Aileach in the Ulster Province, who had died in 1177 AD as the heir apparent Prince / Tanaiste of Ireland, was to become the new Heremonian Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niall Cenel nEogain King of Aileach, and King of Conn's Half, and the "northern" Ui Niaill King until 1230 AD, and this would now make him the English Galls / foreigners worst fear in Ireland.

April 6th : Richard 1st the second Plantagenet Norman King of England, died, and his younger brother and Regent, Prince John "Lackland" was installed as the third Plantagenet Norman King of England and he allotted his cohort, William de Burgh / Burgho / Burke the Anglo - Norman Baron in Ireland, the Connacht Province under an English charter and also granted his other cohort, Theobold Fitz Walter the title of le buitleir (Butler) of Ireland, along with the fief of Oskelan / Gowran, (the ancient fortress region of the Mac Gilla Padraigs the Heremonian Ui Laoghaire Ui Connla Kings of Ossory / Co. Kilkenny). Further territory grants in Ireland were also made by him in Co. Kilkenny in the south - west of Southern Leinster to the individual Anglo - Norman Barons. (James Butler who was later on to be the English third Earl of Ormonde was to build a castle there.) (At this time the English term Marches were accorded to frontier lands, while the term "Terra Pacis" was used to describe The Land of Peace / The English Pale surrounding Dublin, while "Tera Guerre" described The Land of War, which was territory in Ireland still in the hands of the Irish Septs.

   John de Courcy the Anglo - Norman Baron who was trying to gain personal overall control in the north - east of the Ulster Province now took a great force of followers into Tir Eogain / Tyrone (The Land of 91.Eogan) and destroyed two churches at Ard Stratha and Rath along the way to Derry / Daire, where he set up for 2 nights, also ravaging Inis Eogain (Inish Owen) and the surrounding countryside, with this conflict bought on by 115.Aedh Meith O Niall the new Heremonian Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niaill Cenel nEogain King of Aileach in Ulster who with a fleet of 5 ships had reached Cell in Latharna where he burnt the English Gall's settlement there, while seeking out two persons and killing twenty. There were 300  English Galls from the territory of Magh Line, and of the Irian Dal Araidhe, who were clothed in mail and without mail, and they had rushed into battle against him, and the settlement there was burnt as the battle raged in the centre of the town, which eventually went against the English Galls / foreigners. The Irish Septs under 115.Aedh Meith O Niall were then able to defeat this particular army of English Galls 5 times, with a loss of only 5 warriors from the Cenel nEogain Sept, and they then returned to their ships and John de Courcy was also to return to his personal fortress at Downpatrick. Later on he was to be informed that the Dal Cuinn Cenel nEogain and their Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niaill kinsmen, the Cenel Conaill were involved in an internal dispute, as the Cenel Conaill had given the Dal Cuinn 3 Colla Kingship there to Ua Eicnigh who was now the Heremonian Dal Cuinn 3 Colla King of Orghialla. John de Courcy then came to attack them again at the Termon of St. Dabeoc were the Cenel nEogain Sept from Magh Itha came up against him, and Ua Eicnigh who was now the Dal Cuinn King of Orghialla was defeated and left pledges, but in the meantime, 115.Aedh Meith O Niall with his warriors from the Cenel nEogain Sept on the same day besieged the Cenel Conaill Sept around the Plain of Magh Itha and gained a great amount of cattle from there, and Niall Ua Duibhdirma was killed. Later 115.Aedh Meith O Niall and the aristocratic warriors from the Cenel nEogain Sept returned to Magh Itha to attack the Cenel Conaill Sept again, but they soon abandoned their previous position there and made peace.  

1199 - 1216  AD. King John "Lackland" who was now in as the third Plantagenet Norman Angevin English King had Lismore Castle constructed in Co. Cork in Southern Munster against the surrounding Irish Septs there.

1200 AD William de Burgh / Burgho / Burke the Anglo - Norman Baron now led a force against the Connacht Province and was this time supported by the Heberian Dal gCais Ui mBriain O Brians of Northern Munster / Thomond who were now related as his in - laws, to support 115.Cathal Crobhdhearg O Connor - of the Wine Red Hand the illegitimate son of *114.Turlogh O Connor the previous Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Ai 55th King of Connacht and 173rd King of Ireland and they deposed the rightful O Connor King who had been recently installed by the Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Ai Siol Muireadhaigh / Sil Murray Septs themselves under the provisions of the Brehon Law, and re - installed 115.Cathal Crobhdhearg O Connor as the 58th King of Connacht to suite the English agenda.

    The English Galls / foreigners from their settlement in the kingdom of Ulaid in the east of the Ulster Province besieged the Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niaill Cenel nEogain kingdom of Tir Eogain (The Land of 91.Eogan) 3 times, and on the third attempt they set up their camp at Domnach Mor at Magh Imclair and sent off a large force from there to attack the surrounding area but 115.Aedh Meith O Niall the Dal Cuinn Cenel nEogain King came to rescue the Irish Septs under siege there, and the English Galls were once again defeated with many of them also being killed, and they eventually departed the region during the night, going past Tuaim.

    William - the Marshall the Anglo - Norman English Earl of Leinster was to set up towns in New Ross in Co. Wexford in the south - east of the Southern Leinster, and in Kilkenny in Co. Kilkenny in the south - west of Southern Leinster, while other Anglo - Norman Barons such as Hugh de Lacy set up the town of Drogheda in Co. Louth in the north - east of Midhe / Northern Leinster, de Burgh (Burke) set up the City of Galway in Co. Galway in the south of the Connacht Province, while de Bermingham also set up the settlement of Athenry in Co. Galway.

     Theobold Fitz Walter - le buitleir (Butler) who was to be the first Butler in Ormonde with Estates in Co. Kilkenny, in the Mac Gilla Phadraigs Heremonian Ui Laoghaire Ui Connla kingdom of Ossory in the south - west of Southern Leinster, constructed a castle there, and founded a Priory at Nenagh nearby in Co. Tipperary in the north - east of the Munster Province, as the Anglo - Norman Barons continued to make steady inroads against the Gaelic Irish aristocratic warrior Septs there.  

    One of the finest Round Towers in Ireland was constructed at Ardmore in Co. Waterford in the south - east of the Munster Province and nearly 80 of these Round Towers still exist in Ireland today).  

                                            

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