1291 - 1300 AD
The Gaelic Milesian Tuaths (Family regions) were still operating despite the ongoing Anglo - Norman incursions into their various kingdoms while trying to forcibly take over more and more of the individual Sept's (Family branch) territories, and the Septs / Fines were now being organized, rather then as a way of life, with increased casual labour being used, and with improved farming methods being introduced, and also villages being established, which all assisted to weaken the previous Tuath system and the Septs were now being forced to merge into larger units just to survive, which did not correspond with their previous Irish Kingships. The stronger Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Ai Siol Muireadhaigh / Sil Murray O Connors held their territory in the south - east of the Connacht Province and the Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niaill O Nialls held their territory in the south - west of the Ulster Province, and were now cut off. At this tiome Kerns / foot soldiers and idle men began to evolve along with mercenaries / galloglasses being brought in from the Scottish Highlands and the surrounding islands of Scotland who were to be not only difficult to get rid of, but who were to eventually form their own Septs and gain their own individual territories also.
1291 AD Richard de Burgh the English Red Earl of Ulster led an army into Tir nEogain / Tyrone and once again deposed 117.Donnell O Niall the Heremonian Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niall Cenel nEogain King in the Ulster Province, and once again put in Niall Culanach O Niall to act as his puppet but was soon to be disposed of by 117.Donnell O Niall once Richard de Burgh and his English Gall forces had left the region, who in retaliation was to return and drive 117.Donell O Niall out of the region altogether. 117.Brian Buidhe - of the Yellow Hair O Niall, the son of 116.Aed Buidhe O Niall who is the direct male line ancestor of the Clann na Bhuidhe / Clannaboye was then installed by Richard de Burgh, also to suite his agenda, as the new Heremonian Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niaill Cenel nEogain King of Tir nEogain in Ulster. Richard de Burgh the English Red Earl of Ulster then took his English Gall forces into nearby Tyrconnell / Co. Donegal and besieged Turlogh O Donnell who was now the Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niaill Cenel Conaill King there and plundered the whole region, ravaging all of the churches of their goods and together with his English Gall entourage he then went south down into Elphin in Co. Roscommon in the Connacht Province, were they were also forced to hand over hostages to him, and he then left the area. Aed O Donnell was now to regain the Cenel Conaill Kingship and retain it until 1233 AD and his brother, Turlogh O Donnell was to be banished from the kingdom also.
Conor O Dowd / Ua Dubda the Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Fiachrach Muaidhe King who had his kingdom and territory in Co. Sligo in the north - west of the Connacht Province was drowned in the River Shannon on his way to meet Richard de Burgho the English Red Earl of Ulster.
120.Turlogh O Connor, the son of 119.Eogan O Connor, who was now the Prince / Tanaiste / heir apparent of the Connacht Province was to be killed by Niall Gelbuide O Connor and Cathal O Connor, and Niall Gelbuide O Connor then raised a rebellion in Connacht along with the English Galls intending to depose 120.Magnus / Manus O Connor who was now the 67th King of Connacht and they came into battle at the weir of Collooney where Cathal O Connor was wounded and although 120.Magnus O Connor was to be defeated, he was able to escape. Niall Gelbuide O Connor and the followers of Cathal O Connor then plundered Carbury from Cnoc Laigen as far as Ballysadare and the Siol Muireadhaigh / Sil Murray Sept and the English Galls from out of Roscommon in Connacht came to support 120.Magnus O Connor and they went up against Niall Gelbuide O Connor at Sraith in Fearain who managed to escape, but Thomas and David Mac Goisdealbh / Costello two of the English Barons, were killed along with many others. Niall Gelbuide O Connor eventually made peace, but 120.Magnus O Connor did not trust him as he believed that he was biding his time and was ready to carry out treachery against him again, so he plundered his territory completely, which then finished any chance in the future of him ever becoming the Tanaiste / heir apparent. Richard de Burgh the English Red Earl of Ulster then besieged 120.Magnus O Connor the 67th King of Connacht as far as Roscommon, but took no hostages, and 120.Magnus O Connor with his men then followed him to Meelick and submitted to him to try and bring about peace in Connacht. Richard de Burgh the English Red Earl of Ulster and the English Galls then plundered the Heberian Cianacht O Haras kingdom of Leyney in Co. Sligo in the north - west of the Connacht Province, but Donnell O Hara / Ua hEaghra did not submit, nor give over any hostages. The troublesome Niall Gelbuide O Connor was to be eventually killed by Teague O Connor and Toole / Tuathal O Connor.
Mac Coughlan / Mac Cochlain the Heberian Dal gCais King of Devlin Mac Coughlan who had his territory and kingdom in the south - west of Northern Leinster was killed by Stefan Mac Feorais / de Bermingham the Anglo - Norman English Baron, which was instigated by Richard de Burgh the Anglo - Norman English Red Earl of Ulster.
Aed O Fallon / O Failoon / Ua Fallamhain the Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Ai Clann Uatach Chief, died this year, as did Dermot O Flynn / Ua Flainn the Siol Madruan Chief.
A
Dominican friary was founded on the
River Loobagh, and the Franciscans in
Co. Cork
in Southern Munster fought against the
imposition of
English monks being introduced there.
1293 AD 120.Magnus / Manus O Connor the 67th King of Connacht, died after having ruled Connacht for 5 1/2 years, at Loch Cairrin / Arda Killen to the north of Roscommon in Co. Roscommon in the Connacht Province, and 120.Aed mac Eogain O Connor, the son of 119.Eogan O Connor, was installed as the new 68th King of Connacht as their puppet by William de Vesey the English appointed Justicar in Ireland and was supported by the English Galls but later on he was to be captured by Richard de Burgh the REd Earl of Ulster's nemesis, Fitz Gerald the Norman English Baron, and 50 of his men were killed. 121.Cathal Ruadh - of Red Complexion O Connor, the son of 120.Conor Ruadh O Connor became the new 69th King of Connacht, but he was to be killed within 3 months by Rory O Connor, the son of Donogh Riabach O Connor, and 121.Aed mac Eogain O Connor was then released from the English Galls' prison and once again regained his previous position as the 68th King of Connacht supported once again by William de Vesey the English Justicar in Ireland.
Cathal Mac Dermot the Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Ai Siol Muireadhach / Sil Murray King of the Muintir Mulrooney / Mael Ruanaid Sept in Co. Roscommon in the east of the Connacht Province was captured by 120.Aed mac Eogain O Connor the newly re - installed 68th King of Connacht, stirred on by Conor Mac Dermot and Maelsechlainn O Flanagan and the Siol Muireadhaigh / Sil Murray Sept, and they plundered the Mac Dermot kingdom of Moylurg in Connacht generally, including the churches. Cathal Mac Dermot was able to escape and in retaliation then carried out a raid on the O Flanagans.
The first Norman English Parliament
was held in
Kilkenny in Co. Kilkenny
/ Ossory in
the south - west of
Southern Leinster
in Medieval Times with
12
Murrogh /
Murchad O Maelsechlainn / O Melaghlin / Mac Laughlin who was the
Heremonian Dal Cuinn "southern"
Ui Niaill King of
Meath / Midhe
in the south of
Northern Leinster, died this
year.
1294 AD 121.Murtogh mac Maghnuis O Connor, the son of 120.Magnus / Manus O Connor, who was now the heir apparent / Tanaiste / Prince of Connacht, was killed, along with many of his followers by Teague O Connor and Donnell O Connor from the Dal Cuinn Ui Brian Luignech Sept who had their territory in Co. Sligo in the north - west of the Connacht Province.
This year, a Great Council of Norman English Barons, from out of the English Pale in Dublin in Co. Dublin was held in Kilkenny in Co. Kilkenny / Ossory in the south - west of Southern Leinster.
Donnell O Hara who was the Heberian Cianacht Luigni King of Leyney in Co. Sligo in the north - west of the Connacht Province, died, this year.
Maelsechlainn O Flanagan / Ua Flainnachain the Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Ai Clann Cathail Chief was killed by Cathal Mac Dermot in Sligo in Co. Sligo in the north - west of the Connacht Province.
Donough Mac Kinnawe / Forde / Donnchad Mac Conshnamha the Muintir Kenny Chief, who had their territory in the Connacht Province, died this year as did Carrach in Chairn Mag Tiernan / Mac Tigernan the Chief of Tullyhunco, in the Connacht Province.
The English Gall's Sligo Castle in Co. Sligo in the north - west of the Connacht Province that was rebuilt the previous year by John Fitz Thomas Fitz Gerald, the Norman English Baron, against the Irish Septs there, was burnt by 120.Aed mac Eogain O Connor the Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Ai 68th King of Connacht .
Mulrooney Mac Dermot, the son of Gilla Crist Mac Dermot / Mac Diarmada became the new Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Ai King of Moylurg in Co. Roscommon in their territory in the east of the Connacht Province.
Richad de Burgho the English Earl of Ulster was captured by his nemesis, the English Earl Fitz Gerald, which was to confine the activities of the English Galls in Ireland, and Fitz Gerald and Mac Feorais / de Bermingham then besieged the Connacht Province, deposing the Earl of Ulster's nominee, 120.Aed mac Eogain O Connor the 68th King of Connacht and devastated the whole region.
1295 AD
117.Donnell O Niall, from the Heremonian Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niaill Cenel nEogain Sept, who had been deposed as the Cenel nEogain King in 1291 AD, was this year re - installed and would now retain this position until 1325 AD.
Donnell 11
O Kelly
who was the
Heremonian
Dal Cuinn Ui Maine
King who had his kingdom and territory in the east of
Co. Galway and nearby in Athlone in
the east of
Co. Roscommon
1296 AD 120.Aed mac Eogain O Connor, the son of 119.Eogan O Connor, was deposed as the 68th King of Connacht, by his council and the Clann Murtogh were brought in to replace him under 122.Conor Ruadh - of Red Complexion O Connor, the son of 121.Cathal Ruadh O Connor, as the 70th King of Connacht and the whole of Connacht Province was to be ruined, including the land and the churches because of this, as the Clann Murtogh burned and ravaged Carbury and the churches there. 120.Aed mac Eogain O Connor the deposed 68th King of Connacht gathered together both the Irish and the English Galls, including Richard de Burgh / Burke the Red Earl of Ulster and Teboit de Burgh, and they destroyed the region around the Boyle monastery, and all the Gaelic Chiefs there submitted and were taken before Richard de Burgh the English Earl of Ulster to make peace with 120.Aed mac Eogain O Connor the previously deposed 68th King of Connacht. Due to the ongoing turmoil that followed they naturally did not keep the peace and once again they were made to agree to come before Richard de Burgh the English Earl of Ulster with the Clann Murtogh, 120.Aed mac Eogain O Connor the deposed 68th King of Connacht, and the Irian Chiefs, O Farrell and Mac Rannal / Mag Ragnaill, had their followers return to their respective territories, and they also sent word to the Ui Bruin Ai Mac Dermots and the O Flanagans who then also returned to their territory in Moylurg. They were then attacked by 122.Conor Ruadh O Connor who was now the 70th King of Connacht who was defeated at Cend Ceti in Tir Tuathail where he was also killed and his son, 123.Lochlann O Connor was captured. 120.Aed mac Eogain O Connor the deposed 68th King of Connacht and his forces then raided the Clann Murtogh and later blinded his son 123.Lochlann O Connor, who was now the heir apparent / Tanaiste to ensure he was no future threat to the Kingship of Connacht, and from which he died.
William de Burgh / Burke, the Anglo - Norman Baron, founded a Franciscan friary in Galway in Co. Galway in Southern Connacht this year.
Richard de Burgh / Burke the Red Earl of Ulster and his English Gall supporters, along with John Fitz Thomas Fitz Gerald and his English Gall supporters went into Scotland under the direction of Edward 1st the Norman King of England killing all before them, including the churchmen, and also destroyed the churches there.
1297 AD Conor Mac Dermot, who was the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Ai King of Moylurg / Mag Luirc, the Ciarraige Airtech / Airtig Sept in Co. Roscommon in the east of the Connacht Province and also of the Muintir Mulrooney / Mael Ruanaid, died this year.
Cu Uladh O Hanlon / Ua hAnluain and his brother Angus O Hanlon from the Dal Cuinn Colla Da Crioch Airthir Ui Niallain Clann Cernaich Sept who had their territory at Oneilland East and West in Co. Armagh in the south - east of the Ulster Province, who were the Kings of Airthir / Orior along with their followers were killed by the English Galls of Dundalk / Dun Dealgan / Dealgan's Fort in Co, Louth in the north - east of Northern Leinster who were returning from serving de Burgho / Burke the English Earl of Ulster.
This
year, to escape the constant onslaught from the English Galls the O Dwyers
/ Ui Duibhir from the
Heremonian
Ui Laoghaire Ui Lughaidh Cu Corb
Ui Dunlainge Sept migrated
to the west into
Co.
Tipperary in the north - east of the
Munster Province were their
Ballysheeda Castle
The English Gall's Moifillith
/ Muckalee? Castle near Castlecomer / Caislean an
Chomar was burnt down by the
Heremonian Ui Laoghaire Ui
Connla
O Brennans in
their territory in
Co. Kilkenny /
Ossory
in the south - west
of Southern
Leinster.
The Butlers / Le Buitleir the Norman English Barons acquired the English lordship of Rathdowney / Rath Domhnaigh in Co. Laois in the north - west of Southern Leinster situated near the Co. Tipperary border in the north - east of the Munster Province, from the Norman English Baron, John de Pippard / Peppard.
At this time any of the Anglo -
Irish / Old
English who were by now mistaken for the Native
Irish / Mere Irish were
to be classified as inimicus
/
natural
enemies of the Norman English monarchy, and they were to be
killed on the spot.
1297 AD - 1299 AD The English Galls'foreign plantation towns were growing in size, and the first Norman English Parliament in Ireland was established and administered in the castle at Kilkenny, but only by loyal English colonists, with no Gaelic Irish allowed, and the first of the Irish Penal Laws were introduced by them, which included no Irish dress, no Irish musicians and no Irish storytellers. Ireland was now also divided into 12 English type Shires, Cork in the south of the Munster Province, Dublin and Carlow in the east of Southern Leinster, the Connacht Province, Kerry in the south - west of the Munster Province, Kildare in Central Southern Leinster, Limerick in the mid - north - west of the Munster Province, Louth and Meath in the east of Northern Leinster, Roscommon in the east of the Connacht Province, Tipperary and Waterford in the east of the Munster Province. The Norman English Parliament "outlawed" all Gaelic Irish culture and Anglo - Irish incursions into Irish dress etc , "as they were considered to be uncivilised, wild, savage and even bestial, and especially emotional, instead of with reason."
1298 AD Donogh O Hara the Heberian Cianacht King of Leyney / Luigni in Co. Sligo in the north - west of the Connacht Province, who was a son of Donnell O Hara, was killed by Brian Carrach O Hara his kinsman.
Sive / Sadb O Niall, the daughter of Aed O Niall, who was the wife of Teague O Connor, died this year.
Brian Breaghach Mac Govern / Magowran / Magauran / Mac Shamhrain the Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Breifne Chief of Tully Haw in their kingdom of East Breifne in Co. Cavan in Southern Ulster was killed by Aed Breifne O Connor and the Clann Murtogh in his own stronghold at Coologe.
Donnell Ruadh - of Red Complexion Mac Carthy, the Heberian Eoghanacht Chaisil King of Desmond in Southern Munster, died this year.
Uilliam O Finan / Ua Fionnain, the Catholic Abbot of Kilbeggan / Cill Bheagain / Beagan's Church in Co. Westmeath in the south - west of Northern Leinster became the Catholic Bishop of Clonmacnoise nearby in Co. Offaly in Southern Leinster in the north - west of Southern Leinster.
The de Burgh
/ Burkes and
the
Fitz Gerald Norman English Barons had been constantly carrying on a
Civil War between themselves in Ireland throughout the previous Century, and
at this time
John Fitz Thomas Fitz Gerald agreed
to withdraw from the
Connacht Province
and re - settle into the Midlands / Meath
/ Midhe
in
Northern Leinster while another another
branch of the
Fitz Geralds also had Estates in Co. Limerick, Co. Kerry
and
Co. Cork
and to the east of
Waterford in
Co. Waterford and they
were to become the English
appointed Earls of Desmond /
Southern Munster and other Fitz Geralds were
also in
the north of Co.
Kerry
and Co.
Limerick who
became the Knights of Glin, and
also the English Earls of Kerry
who had Estates throughout the Midlands
/ Midhe and
the
Munster Province.
1299 AD Seafraidh O Farrell / Ua Fearghail who had his Gaelic Milesian Irian kingdom of Anghaile / Annaly in Co. Longford in the north - west of Northern Leinster killed Seoan de la Mare an English Norman knight in the O Melaghlins Dal Cuinn "southern" Ui Niaill kingdom of Meath in the south of Northern Leinster.
Alexander Mac Donnell / Mac Donald was killed by Alexander Mac Dowel / Mac Dubhghaill along with many of his men. (The Scottish family of Mac Dugall / Dowell had come into Ireland from the Hebrides as galloglasses / mercenaries and settled in Co. Roscommon in the east of the Connacht Province at what is now Lismacdowell.)
1300 AD Pope Boniface V111, decreed that the
Christchurch Cathedral in Dublin
in Co. Dublin in the north - east of
Southern Leinster was
to be the main Catholic Cathedral for the whole See of Ireland, giving it
preference over
St. Patrick's Cathedral.
Giolla Iosa Ruadh
- of Red Complexion O Reilly
from the Heremonian
Dal Cuinn
Ui Briuin Breifne
kingdom of
East Breifne
founded a Franciscan friary there at Cavan
in Co. Cavan
in Southern Ulster.
Richard de Burgh
/ Burke the English Norman Red Earl of
Ulster, began the building of
Ballymote Castle in
Co. Sligo in the north - west
of the
Connacht Province against the Gaelic Irish Septs
there, and also founded the Loughrea
Carmelite friary in
Co. Galway in Southern
Connacht, which is still there to be seen, as it has also been restored.
Teboit Butler / Le Buitleir
the
Norman English Baron,
died this year,
Felim /
Fedelmid Mac Carthy
the Heberian Eoghanacht Chaisil Prince of Desmond
/ Southern Munster,
died
Eochy
O
Hart / Eochaidh Ui hAirt, the son of
Donnell
O Hart,
who was
the
Clann Kelly
Chieftain was killed by the
English Galls
William Mac Flanahy / Uilliam Mag
Flannchaidh the
Dal Cuinn
Ui Briuin Ai
Chief of Dartry
whose territory
was also in Co. Leitrim and Co.
Sligo in the north of the Connacht Province was
killed by
Uallgarg O Rourke
from the
Heremonian
Dal Cuinn
Ui Briuin Breifne kingdom of West Breifne who had their
kingdom and territory in Co. Leitrim
in the far north of Northern Connacht.
117.Donnell O Niall, the
Heremonian Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niaill
Cenel nEogain King of
Tyrone
in the
Ulster Province was now the
overall Gaelic Irish
King of Ulster.
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