RAINBOW FARMS    AUSTRALIA                                            

                                                                                                                                          1621 - 1625 AD

 

1621 AD Further Episcopalian Church of England plantations where planned again by the Ascendancy English authorities for Co. Leitrim in Northern Connacht, Co. Laois and Co. Offaly in the north - west of Southern Leinster surrounding The English Pale, and Co. Westmeath in the south - west of Northern Leinster, and non - Catholic Calvinist Huguenots from France also began arriving into Ireland up until 1641 AD for plantation to add to the removal of the Irish Families there.

       Usher, the Church of England Ascendancy Episcopalian Bishop, was to be installed in the O Melaghlins Dal Cuinn "southern" Ui Niaill kingdom of  Meath in the north - east of Northern Leinster until 1624 AD where he was to have a personal library of 10,000 books, which were to eventually end up being presented to the Trinity College in Dublin.

      David Rothe finally set up as the Catholic Bishop of Ossory / Co. Kilkenny in the south west of Southern Leinster for the first time since 1564 AD.

    The territory of the O Raghnalls / O Reynolds  from the Gaelic Milesian Irian Conmaicne Magh Rein Muinter Eoluis / Eolais Sept who had their kingdom and territory on Lough Rynn at Mohill in Co. Leitrim in the north - west of the Connacht Province was now also confiscated by the English authorities and given over to the English Croftons who brought in more non - Catholic English planters and removed the Irish Families and were personally to retain these Estates there until 1750 AD.

1622 AD Altogether 6 of the 9 Counties in the Ulster Province were by now planted with 13,000 Church of England Episcopalians and Calvinist inspired Presbyterian Scottish planters, of which one half were English Episcopalians and the other half from the Scottish Lowlands who were Calvinist Presbyterians, with the heaviest concentration in Co. Down and Co. Antrim where there were all up 7,500 Scottish Presbyterians and Church of England planters installed with Jones given three portions each of 2,100 acre grants totalling 6,300 acres provided that he did not let the land, "To any person or persons whatsoever, who were Natives of Ireland, nor to any person or persons that shall not have taken the Oaths of Allegiance and Religious Supremacy to the English Crown." Despite these particular further Irish Penal provisions, once again instituted against the Irish population, the English Ironmongers Corporation had 127 sub - tenants of which all but 9 were Mere Irish. All Catholic Irish were also banned from moving into the City of Derry in Co. Derry in the north - east of Ulster, where they were already the majority of the population, but were to be allowed in to Belfast in Co. Antrim in the north - east of Ulster, where they were now the minority of the population. James 1st's officious Undertakers in Ulster, Sir Arthur Chichester and James Hamilton, also arranged for further re - grants of vast tracks of Irish land around Loch Neagh in Ulster for themselves, and were expected to expel the Mere Irish from out of there, but were lax in their approach as they now naturally depended on them to work all of the vast Irish territory they now held in their own right. 

     Lionel Cranfield the English Earl of Middlesex assured the Duke Of Buckingham in England that Irish revenues could be further increased if they made use of the ward system in regard to the minors, by rearing them as Ascendancy Church of England Episcopalians and then use their own discretion as to whether to grant them their Estates back in Ireland, subject to the conditions they set out being fulfilled, and this action was to have a further great negative effect especially on the Old English (Anglo - Irish) who were now mainly involved as landowners. One of the main minors who were to be effected by this ward system was James Butler the young twelth English Earl of Ormonde who was to later become the first Duke of Ormonde in Co. Kilkenny in the south - west of Southern Leinster, after taking the "Oath of Religious Supremacy" to retain those Estates there.

     Sir Oliver St. John / Singen was recalled from Ireland to England, and was succeeded by Henry Carey / Lord Falkland who was also a strong anti - Catholic and anti - Irish and he continued to govern Ireland in the same manner as his previous English predecessors had done with much more of the same constant ethnic and religious repression.

  Mathew de Renzie an English Knight was granted 1,000 acres of the confiscated territory of the Heberian Dal gCais Mac Coghlans who had their territory and kingdom in Co. Offaly and Sir Arthur Brundell was also granted a large portion of their territory at Banagher along with others.

1623 AD Charles the Prince of Wales, the son of James 1st the first French Stuart English King, went to Madrid with the English Earl of Buckingham to try and arrange a marriage for Charles himself to the young Catholic daughter of the Spanish King, who was still only an infant who repulsed his advances, and they returned to England with a bloody mind set that was ready to go to War at the very first opportunity against Spain, and also to further increase their repression against Catholics in general.   

     Michael O Cleary and Conaire O Cleary / Ua Cleirigh (cleric) who were descendents of 98.Guaire Aidni a previous Dal Cuinn "southern" Ui Fiachrach 14th King of Connacht, together with two of the Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin O Mulconrys, began the writing of the "Annals of Ulster - of the Four Masters" at Bun Drowes in Co. Donegal in the north - west of the Ulster Province comprising the history of the Irish Septs and their Tuaths (Family regions) from 2242 B.C. until 1626 AD, which is now available in 4 Volumes.

      All Gaelic Irish names were now "banned" by James 1st the Stuart English King and had to be anglicized by English Law, for example Cleary was changed to similar sounding or meaning names such as Clarke, O Niall to O Neill, O Brian to O Brien and O Markahan / Ui Marcachain was changed to Markham, while many O's and Mac's were dropped, and similar meaning English names such as Rabbitt and Rabbitte were used for Irish epithet names such as Cunneen, Cunneeny, Conheey, Cunnane and Kineen in Co. Galway, Co. Mayo and Co. Offaly, containing the Irish word coinin (rabbit), or Fox in Co. Offaly for Kearney, Mac Ashinah, Shanahy or Shinnock / Shinnagh (fox).

1624 AD January: James 1st the French Stuart English King now also proclaimed once again that all Catholic Irish clergy were to get out of Ireland within 40 days.

     Donogh O Brien the English appointedfourth English Earl of Thomond had died, and his male line was now carried on through his son, Brian O Brien and this branch of the family were now completely non - Catholic and English and were also marrying English women to improve their personal and economic status further in England and their financial positions within the merchants' English system of the Ascendancy Church of England. 

    George Calvert who originally had come from Yorkshire in England to Ireland was to be the English first Baron of Ballimore, but he was to become a Catholic and found a settlement at Newfoundland, and also tried to establish another in Virginia in America for all those oppressed, but unfortunately he died before he could complete his mission.

     This year, the wife, of Donogh O Connor from the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Ai Ui Conchobair Sept in the Connacht Province who had recently died, erected a monument to him in the Sligo Abbey in Co. Sligo in the north - west of Connacht, which is still there to be seen today.

1625 AD James 1st, the first French Stuart English King, died, and his son the even more greedy Charles 1st became the second French Stuart King of England, and with the Duke of Buckingham still as his advisor, was really determined to begin immediate hostilities against Spain.

    The death of James 1st was to also delay the plantation of the Connacht Province for the time being as it was to be abandoned under the future Graces that werew tro be offered by the avarious Charles 1st, for great personal monetary advances, but it would be resumed 13 years later with 3,000 pounds required to register the title to their confiscated land, which due to this sizeable amount simply did not occur, and this was to also mean that the titles of the 5 Western Counties west of the River Shannon in Connacht in Ireland in the future would be called into question under English Law. Sir William Parsons and other English Commissioners would be let loose on Connacht and Charles 1st was to claim, Co. Mayo, Co. Roscommon and Co. Sligo there and allowed to use packed, bribed and intimidated juries.   

March: Charles 1st the second French Stuart English King along with the Duke of Buckingham desperately wanted to declare War on Spain, but he was financially unable to do so without the backing of the English Ascendancy Parliament, which he did not want to bring together in case they gave him any further personal problems.

October: Just like his father before, Charles 1st the second French Stuart English King was to always to be desperate for money, and to this end he advised Henry Carey / Lord Falkland to stop imposing Recusancy fines on the Catholic Irish to try and increase his popularity in Ireland, as he intended to increase his revenues there in another way, by obtaining guarantees from them, for large monetary amounts, but this particular reasonable proposal did not proceed due to the protests from those who were well and truly in power in the Ascendancy.

      To ensure that Irish Genealogies and Irish History was retained against the constant English "annihilation of all things Irish" many Irish historical centres were now being organized, including a Franciscan College by the Anglo - Irish monk, Luke Wadding from Co. Waterford in the south - east of the Munster Province, who set one up at St. Isodore's Church in Rome where he was there with the Irish philosopher, Duns Scotus and any of the Irish manuscripts, which were still in existence, and not in the hands of the English were collected for the knowledge of future generations, and as he also had his own printing press, this allowed the History of Ireland to be spread back into Ireland, and many other Countries, Other Irish History centres existed also at Louvain in France, and even in Ireland itself.            

     Liscarroll Castle, originally constructed by the Anglo - Normans around 1280 AD in Co. Cork in Southern Munster, was also confiscated this year by Sir Philip Percival, an English Lord, but it is now, like so many others, only a ruin.

    Niall Garbh - the Rough O Donnell, died, who was a son of Calvagh O Donnell who had died in 1566 AD and Catherine Mac Lean, and in turn Calvagh O Donnell's father was Manus O Donnell who had been The O Donnell, a son of Aed Dubh O Donnell who had died in 1537 AD.

 

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