1636 - 1640 AD
1636
AD "Black Tom" Wentworth
returned to England to
explain his revenue raising methods to
Charles 1st
the second French Stuart English King,
and was
then able to return to
Ireland
feeling in a much stronger
position then he had been in before, and once again he began to reassert his domineering position against the
Ascendancy ruling classes in
Ireland who
had opposed him previously and he now claimed
even more
Irish territory for Charles 1st in
Co. Galway although the
Irish and the Anglo - Irish there
naturally offered
resistance to their lands being confiscated
and he continued to dispossess all of the Catholic lands in the
Connacht Province, especially those territories still being held by the
Mere Irish.
Sir Randle Mac Donnell the Dal Cuinn Colla Uais Catholic Earl of Antrim in the north - east of the Ulster Province, who was married to Aellis O Neill, constructed Glenarm Castle there this year.
Anastasia Gould / Goold
/ Gul, from an English family who had
come into Ireland in Medieval Times and settled in Co. Cork
in
Southern Munster,
also constructed
Monkstown Castle there
this year, for a total
cost of 4 pence by using
blatant trickery
on her workers.
1637
AD
Charles 1st
the second Stuart English King had
"Black Tom" Wentworth, his
appointed
Lord Deputy in
Ireland, now go on with the
Church of England foreign plantations
in
Co. Clare
in the north - west of the Munster Province
by fraud
Initially those in authority in the English Government had divided Ireland into 33 Counties, which then included a division of Co. Tipperary in the north - east of the Munster Province into 2 parts, which was now reunited as the one County again, while the Boroughs now numbered 41, with 2 votes only allotted to each one of the Boroughs, which were mainly held by the Anglo / Irish / Old English, which included 4 that had been also personally created by James 1st himself.
Fergal
O
Gara the
Heberian Cianacht Chieftain,
was at this time still holding onto a large portion of the territory
around
Coolavin
in Co.
Sligo
in the north - west of the
Connacht Province, where
he had been the patron of
Michael O Clery
who was involved in the composition of the
Acta Santorum Hiberniae / The
Annals of Ulster / of the Four Masters
from 1632 - 1636 AD,
which was later to be printed in
Louvain in France in the
Gaelic Irish language,
and produced in 4 Volumes.
1638 AD February: The Calvinist Presbyterians in the Lowlands in Scotland renewed their National Covenant in Edinburgh, which went against the wishes of Charles 1st the French Stuart English King and his AScendancy Episcopalian Church of England Bishop Laud..
Charles 1st the French
Stuart King
also re -
introduced into Ireland
heavy fines and the
forfeiting of some lands for
not conforming to his particular version of the Church of
England.
(English names were
also never really accepted
by the
Irish, especially in
Co. Derry
in
the north - east of the
Ulster Province). and he also handed over
Roscommon Manor
House in
Co. Roscommon in the east of
the Connacht Province
to Sir
Frederick Hamilton, his English Ascendancy Undertaker to introduce further
foreign non - Catholic planters into Ireland, who was to also erect
Manor Hamilton in
Co. Leitrim in
Northern Connacht on land that
Charles 1st confiscated and
granted him
there, which is now also only a ruin.
Meanwhile the real
Ulster
foreign non - Catholic
plantation had been carried out quietly all along by the
Scottish Lowland settlers
before 1609 AD, as
Scotland
was only
13 mile across the
Irish Sea, and it was still
to be continued
later on.
"Black Tom" Wentworth
finally went too far for the Ascendancy in Ireland
when he removed a monument from St. Patrick's
Church in
Dublin, which was now under the control of the
Episcopalian Church of England
/ Ireland, that had been previously donated by
his nemesis
Richard Boyle the
first
English Earl
of Cork, and this became an act for which he would pay dearly, as it would
go a long way in bringing about his fall from grace and early demise. He had been in control
in Ireland for
Charles 1st,
by
now for
5 years and
by now he had managed to alienate anyone and everyone, and would still
not confirm the promised
51 Graces, and also pushed on with his
English non - Catholic
plantation plans
against the Old English / Anglo
Irish, and also had many of the other English Dissenters
(Non - Conformists) against him over
his determination to force the new
Church of England forms of
worship onto everyone also in Ireland. The Lowland Scottish
Presbyterian planters
in the
Ulster
Province were also against him and the
Scottish rebellion that was now being
carried out in the Lowlands in
Scotland itself against Charles 1st
himself had made matters worse
there also.
1639 AD Charles 1st had appointed "Black Tom"" Wentworth to his present exalted position because he was also anti - Scottish, as he considered that the Lowland Scottish Presbyterians were even more dangerous than the Catholics, which was to bring on the introduction of the Black Oath.
May: "Black Tom" Wentworth was this month to bring on the implementation of the Black Oath to try and force the Scottish Presbyterians in the Ulster Province, over the age of 16 years, to give a personal Oath of Allegiance to Charles 1st, and because of this many fled from Ireland and went back over to Scotland, to avoid having to take it so he then put 500 English Military troops into Carlisle there, and also intended to form a new select army in Ireland for Charles 1st, to continue to push forward his own personal agenda, which was comprised of 8,000 foot soldiers and 1,000 horse. Charles 1st was now so excited with "Black Tom" Wentworth's progress that he now appointed him the English Earl of Strafford, and then the Lord Lieutenant in Ireland, while Wandesford one of his relations was created the English Lord Deputy in Ireland.
June: Charles 1st had his determined Ascendancy Episcopalian Church of England Bishop Laud also try to impose the Church of England liturgies on the Lowlanders in Scotland also, which had been the main cause for them to unite against him in the first place, but despite this a Treaty would be eventually arranged with them after Berwick, and this would also release some of the pressure that was growing against him in the Ulster Province in Ireland.
September 21st:
"Black
Tom" Wentworth
returned to England to
advise and assist
Charles 1st
on
the many problems he was also having
there due to his continuing greedy and repressive policies.
1640 AD Lowland Scottish Presbyterian planters were still arriving into the Ulster Province, and eventually another 22,000 English Church of England planters were also to be brought in to Ireland, with the intention of fulfilling the purposes of those in authority in England who wanted to finally remove any trace of the Catholic Irish people altogether in Ireland whose lives up until now they had constantly interfered with for over 470 years. "Black Tom" Wentworth the English Lord Lieutenant in Ireland, who had been ensuring the ever increasing revenues of Charles 1st the Stuart English King, now also held vast areas of land on his own behalf in Ireland, including two very large Estates, with one being composed of 34 ,000 acres, and another 23 ,000 acres.
March 16th: "Black Tom" Wentworth acting as the English Lord Lieutenant in Ireland called an Ascendancy Anglo - Irish Parliament, but as he did not arrive until 2 days after it began, this enabled those in attendance there to record, "Many grievous pressures and proceedings of the clergy and their officers and Church of England ministers against the laity, especially the poorest." Although "Black Tom" Wentworth was to be late on the scene he was somehow still able to obtain an extra 4 subsidies from this Parliament, on behalf of Charles 1st, and had them reaffirm their allegiance to him also, and then once again, returned to London feeling mighty pleased with himself. Meanwhile, his endeavours to plant further foreign English non - Catholics into Co. Galway in Southern Connacht had by now came up against the resistance of the two Burkes / de Burghos who were the English Earls of Clann Rickarde, both the father and the son and he had by now also made many new enemies among the New English and the Old English / Anglo - Irish, as he was always confident that he would be protected by the promise of Charles 1st that he would "stick by him no matter what" as he continued to increase the revenues of the English Crown in Ireland. To this end he had also continued to upset many of the Irish Chiefs, including Rory O More in Co. Offaly in the north - west of Southern Leinster, Lord Maguire in Co. Fermanagh in the south - west of Southern Ulster, Sir Phelim O Niall of Coledon in Co. Tyrone in Central Southern Ulster, the O Reillys in Co. Cavan in Southern Ulster, and the O Farrells / O Ferrells in Co. Longford in the north - west of Northern Leinster. In reality, he was by this period in time the main catalyst who was pushing them all closer together in a common Irish cause, which was to eventually force them to make a stand as combined Irish men against the increasing impositions of the English Crown, and eventually also against the English Ascendancy Puritan Parliamentarians when they were to come to power after his demise.
April:
"Black Tom" Wentworth
was to leave
Ireland once again to return
to
England to give further advice to
and assist
Charles 1st in
regard to his continuing ongoing problems there with the members of the
Ascendancy Puritan English Parliament
of which he had
once been a main member himself, until he had sold out to Charles 1st in his own personal interests
and his
current upwardly mobile status was
to now only last until the meeting of the
Long
Parliament, which was to result in him meeting his final reward, due to
implementing the continuous previous rapacious mercenary
tactics of his mentor,
Charles
1st.
The
Short Parliament
in England had expired,
and
the Lowland Scottish
Presbyterians
were on the
rampage again against the policies of Charles 1st in the Lowlands
and their forces crossed over the River
Tweed, where they defeated the
English Military Militia at
Newburn, and
were by this time set up in the north of
England as a real threat to the rule of Charles 1st.
June 1st: The Ascendancy Anglo - Irish Parliament resumed under "Black Tom" Wentworth's relation Wandesford the appointed English Lord Deputy with the Catholic Irish numbers now down to only a quarter of the Assembly, but despite this they were now combined with those in the Ascendancy there who really had the majority, in their grievances against the imposed greedy impositiond in Ireland of "Black Tom" Wentworth and this forced Wandesford to close the Parliament down in Ireland after 3 weeks of discussions, who also postponed any future meetings of the Parliament until the following October.
July:
The new
Irish Army that had been set
up previously by
"Black Tom" Wentworth,
to personally serve the interests only of Charles 1st, was
assembled at Carrickfergus in
the
Ulster Province
under the command of
James Butler the
English twelth Earl of Ormonde and it was composed
mainly of Church of England / Ireland Episcopalian officers,
while the majority of the troops under them were basically nearly all
Catholic Irish.
November 3rd: Charles 1st, due to his continual on going greed and ardent policies, was now in a truly desperate economic situation, and in desperation he decided to take a chance and call the English Ascendancy Parliament together and when he did this he was to lose complete control of authority there to the Long Parliament whose members for a long, long time had been receiving continual aggravating reports from those in important Ascendancy positions, on the way that "Black Tom" Wentworth had been carrying out the government for Charles 1st's in Ireland.
November 24th: "Black Tom" Wentworth's old Puritan adversary, John
Pym,
was able to make use of this long list of grievances, that had been previously received from the
Anglo - Irish Parliament in
Ireland, to his own advantage, and
was also assisted by
Sir
John Clotworthy an English
Land
Lord
who had his Estates in the Ulster Province and a seat in the
English Ascendancy House of Commons and they
used their numbers to have
"Black Tom" Wentworth impeached, and
Charles 1st, who was a real "survivor," did not lift a finger to assist him,
despite his many previous promises to him.
December 3rd: Back in Ireland, Wandesford the English appointed Lord Deputy, and a relative of "Black Tom" Wentworth, suddenly died, and Charles 1st replaced him with two other Lord Justices, Sir William Parsons, and another who was a cohort of "Back Tom" Wentworth in Lord Dillon, but in a sign of things to come Charles 1st was then forced to withdraw Lord Dillon and replace him with Sir John Borlase.