1649
1649 January: James Butler the English Royalist first Marquis of Ormonde finally realising that he had run his race, and it was now or never, finally made a new Treaty with the Irish Confederation, to support Charles 1st the Stuart English King, and it was approved by 9 Catholic Bishops and because of this positive result in regard to the beginning of religious freedom the Irish Confederation was dissolved and the Provisional Government of Ireland was now handed over completely to James Butler, the Royalist 1st Marquis of Ormonde to act on their behalf also, in which there were to be 12 Commissioners all under his control.
January 30th:
The Civil War
in England was ended officially with the English Royalist supporters in
Ireland
and
Scotland
James Butler, the first Marquis of Ormonde as the overall English Royalist commander in Ireland, hoped that now that Charles 1st the Stuart English King had been executed by the Puritan Ascendancy Parliamentarians in England that it would now be possible to win over further supporters to the Royalist side for Charles 1st's oldest son, Charles the Prince of Wales, who would become Charles the 11 the future third Stuart English King. Meanwhile in a separate attempt to carry on the fight 127.Eogan Roe O Niall. who was still operating independently, made a deal with George Monck the commander of the Puritan Ascendancy's Parliament's Scottish Army in the Ulster Province, which enabled him to obtain further military supplies for his Irish forces to continue on with the Irish resistance. The Lowland Scottish Presbyterians in Ulster, refused to co - operate with James Butler in a Royalist cause against the Puritan Ascendancy Parliament in England, and Michael Jones, the Puritan's Parliament's overall commander in Ireland at this time, was also not interested in joining up with James Butler who although he had finally gained control over the Catholic Irish he was of the opinion that the interests of all of the Puritan supporters in Ireland also solely depended on the continuing Ascendancy pressure from England.
February:
Archbishop Rinuccini
the Papal Legate, realising it was all now completely out of his hands,
left
Ireland
to return to Rome and the Episcopalians in
Dublin on the east - coast in
Co. Dublin
in their stronghold in
The
English Pale
in the
north - east of
Southern Leinster
were all for supporting the Puritan Ascendancy
Parliament in England, while in the
Munster
Province
and
the
Ulster Province
their opinions were not so well defined.
March: The Puritan Ascendancy Parliament in England gave Oliver Cromwell the position as their overall Commander - in - Chief in Ireland against James Butler the first Marquis of Ormonde, who still represented the English Royalist cause, who was to suffer defeat in battle before Oliver Cromwell was even to set foot in Ireland.
April:126.Murrogh O Brien an Toitean - of the Burnings who had been Ascendancy Episcopalian reared in England for an English cause was also once again a committed English Royalist who was now committed to the Royalist cause of Charles the Prince of Wales the future Charles 11 who had now appointed him the Royalist President of Munster under the overall control of James Butler the first Marquis of Ormonde.
June:126.Murrogh
O Brien an
Toitean
- of the Burnings
was declared a traitor by the English Puritan Parliament and on his own initiative
he managed to capture the towns of
Drogheda
and
Dundalk on the coast above Dublin in
Co. Louth
in the north - east of
Northern Leinster
previously held by
George Monck for the
Puritan Ascendancy Parliament in England who was then to return to England
while
August 2nd: James Butler the 1st Marqis of Ormonde and the Royalist commander in Ireland now acting on behalf of Charles the Prince of Wales / Charles 11, decided to retake the City of Dublin from the Puritan Parliament forces who were holding onto it, but was driven off by Michael Jones the English Puritan Ascendancy's Parliament commander there and he was now forced to return to his own territory in Ormonde in Co. Kilkenny in the south - west of Southern Leinster with his Royalist forces.
August 3rd:
127.Eogan
Roe
O Niall
the previous
Irish Confederation
commander also tried to take back the City of Dublin,
but he too was driven off.
August 15th: Oliver Cromwell who was now the overall English Ascendancy Puritan Parliamentary Commander - in - Chief arrived at Hook Head Peninsula on the River Liffey in the City of Dublin with his New Model Puritan Army of 20,000 men and an artillery siege train to teach the Irish a message they would never forget and eventually he would progress the English non - Catholic plantations in Ireland by dreadful force of arms, and transplant the Catholic Irish to "Hell or Connacht" and to this end he first seized the Malahide Castle in the City of Dublin, and gave the order that from now on all Catholic priests were to be hunted down and killed. Despite his personal presence in Ireland with such a great Puritan force, James Butler, the English first Marquis of Ormonde, was to continue on with his Royalist resistance to the forces of the Puritan English Parliament for another 18 months.
September 10th:
Oliver Cromwell
the overall English Puritan commander headed north out of Dublin with his great Puritan Parliamentary force and massacred
all of the people there and any of the
Irish tenants
along the way in
the coastal town of
Drogheda in
Co. Louth
in the north - east of
Northern
Leinster,
who were
at this time still defended by
Sir
Arthur Aston
the Royalist Catholic
commander,
who was also to be beaten to death with his own wooden leg and
3,000
men, women and children, along with the English Royalist soldiers were
to be killed
there in Drogheda, and any
of those who were still left alive, after the slaughter, he
imprisoned and sent off to the
Barbados
Islands to be used as slaves on the various English Estates and Plantations there.
September 16th:
Oliver Cromwell
the English Puritan overall commander was so enthused by what he had already accomplished, that he wrote back to the Puritan
Ascendancy Parliament in England, in
regard to carrying out the bloody massacre
in Drogheda, stating, "I
believe we put to the sword the whole number of the defendants there, except for
a few who were sent to the Barbados as slaves, and I
wish that all honest hearts
may give the glory of this to
God
alone, to whom the praise of this mercy belongs."
October: Oliver Cromwell
the English Puritan commander then
went south, where he used his
cannon on the castle and the
town walls and the 4 gates at New Ross in
Co. Wexford in the south - east of
Southern
Leinster,
and while there also carried out another terrible massacre on the people in
the town of Wexford itself, in breach
of the agreed terms of surrender, killing another
2,000 people
there also, including
200 women and
children
in the market place and he then physically destroyed all of the
Catholic churches there. (The town of Wexford
had been the naval base for the
Irish Confederation.) He then
attacked the Power's
/
Le Poer's castle there at
Kilmeadan
/
Cill Mhiadian
in
Co. Wexford
on the River Suir, and
demolished the fortress of
Theobold Butler
nearby at
Arklow in
Co. Wicklow on the Avoca River, were it's ruins are
still there as a
single reminder of the devastating overall destruction he carried out in Ireland. (It
had been one of the
4
Butler
Castles in
Southern
Leinster,
with the
other 3 at
Kilkenny, Gowran
and Carrick - on - Suir.)
127.Eogan
Roe
O Niall
the
Irish
Confederation commander,
who was by now a very ill - man, finally decided to join up his
Irish forces with those
of
James Butler
the English Royalist
first Marquis of Ormonde to try and stop the advance of the English Puritan
Parliament, and the terrible cruelties that were now being carried out on
the population in
Ireland by the
Puritan
Ascendancy Militia now under the overall control of
the uncontrollable Oliver Cromwell.
Oliver
Cromwell
the English Puritan overall commander
decided to land his forces even further south on the coast at Youghal in
Co. Cork
in
Southern Munster, and the
City of
Cork
was also then taken by
his forces for
previously supporting
Charles
1st
the recently deceased
Stuart
English King. The
Mac Carthy's
Blarney Castle
in Co. Cork,
(originally
constructed by
Laider
- the Strong
Mac Carthy
in the
15th Century AD with the walls
18' thick,) was somehow able to stop the onslaught carried out by the
English Puritan Parliamentary cannons. The castle at Carrickadrohid in
Co. Cork,
situated
on the River Lee, was surrendered
up to the Puritan Militia under Lord
Broghill who had placed out timber props, resembling cannons, facing
towards the castle,and he then hung the
Catholic
Bishop of Ross
who
had advised the people there not to surrender,
and they also captured Knock
Kelly Castle at Fethard nearby in
Co. Tipperary
in the north - east of the Munster
Province
whose
ruins are also still there to be seen today. (Sir
Anthony Colclough, who was one
of Oliver Cromwell's
Ely
soldiers,
was to be granted
the
Catholic Tintern Abbey
and all of its land holdings by
Oliver
Cromwell, and to take possession of the building he then killed
all of the
Catholic friars there).
Shanagarry, the original home of
the
Penn family, who were to be the
founders of Pennsylvania in
America, was put under siege
and the Castle Dermot
/
Desert Dermot in
Co. Kildare in
Central Southern Leinster, which
had been
named after the grandson of
Dermott
the
Gaelic Milesian Irian King of Ulster
who
founded a monastery there in the 9th Century AD, was also sacked.
(Oliver
Cromwell also took the
Kilcolman Abbey off of the
English
Spring family, and gave it to the
Godfreys who are
still there today).
Lady
Roche / de Roiste, although a woman, stood up to his
Puritan army onslaught, and defended her Castle Roche at Castle
Town Roche on the River Awbeg in
Co. Cork, but it's
remains are now only part of Castle Widenham. The
Episcopalian Royalists at
Kinsale
in Co. Cork handed the town over to
Oliver Cromwell and joined
in with
his English Puritan Ascendancy forces, and they
The City of Derry in Co. Derry in the north - east of the Ulster Province was put under siege and General Robert Munro acting for the Ascendancy Puritan Parliament burnt the City of Antrim there in Co. Antrim in the north - east also, and the Mac Quillans / de Mandevilles Castle in Dunseverick also situated there was taken from them.
November: 127.Eogan Roe O Niall, the last Celtic Gaelic Irish Confederation commander, died due to treachery in Co. Cavan in Southern Ulster, and his kinsman, Sir Phelim O Niall, who had been one of the leaders of the Irish Confederation, was executed, as the English Puritan Ascendancy Parliamentarians gained greater control in the Ulster Province also. (The English Royalists under the command of James Butler the first Marquis of Ormonde now acting for Charles the Prince of Wales were now only holding onto Charlemont and Enniskillen there). Oliver Cromwell then took his Puritan army forces and headed back down to the south of Ireland, were he attacked the town of Waterford in Co. Waterford on the east coast in the south - east of the Munster Province, as James Butler had also sent in further reinforcements there.
December:
Oliver Cromwell
the English Puritan Parliamentary commander was forced to lift the siege on the town of
Waterford
in
Co. Waterford
in the south - east of the
Munster Province,
which was to be the first serious setback for
him during his
ongoing insatiable rampage all over Ireland,
and
Lord Gormanston / Preston the English Viscount of Ireland refused to give him even a token renunciation of his Catholic faith, and Oliver Cromwell 's followers also gave witness to the fact that already thousands of the original non - Catholic foreign English planters who had been previously planted in Ireland under Elizabeth 1st had already adapted themselves to the Irish culture and the Catholic faith and Oliver Cromwell would try and once again unbalance this, as during his personal rule later on in England, as their Lord Protector, he was to bring into Ireland further Calvinist French Huguenots to be planted as foreign non - Catholic planters, after he was to confiscate the territories of the Mere Irish, the Anglo Irish and Anglo Norman Catholics in Ireland and also the delinquent non - Catholics who were to remain loyal to Charles 11.
30,000 Irish men acting as Irish Brigades at this time were to go into exile into France to escape the terror that was Oliver Cromwell the English Parliamentary Puritan commander, and live to fight another day for what they were to believe was to do there bit for the cause for Irish Freedom in the future, and were also to serve in Spain, Austria and the Netherlands against English Imperialism bringing great credit to them and Ireland.
The
Irish
Abbeys were
now destroyed
wholesale by Oliver Cromwell's Puritan forces, and the Franciscan monks were driven out, including those from the
Rock of Cashel in
Co. Tipperary
in the north - east of the
Munster
Province,
and all of their contents were looted and now there was no
Irish
resisting forces left, or especially any
Irish
leaders capable of giving overall leadership and the general
Irish population
once again turned to
their Catholic priests, as they
were now the only educated class left and because of this many
Irish
seminaries were to be set up in foreign lands.
Ireland
as a whole was now devoid of any
Gaelic
aristocratic warrior or leading class, or even property owning class, and the Catholic
Irish were
to be forbidden
to attend any of the
English Universities. One member of each
Irish
family was
also forced to attend the
English Church of England / Ireland services, to try and hold onto there own
Irish land, while no
Irish
man
was allowed to own a
horse of a value of 5 pound or
more.