1711 - 1720 AD
1711
- 1713 AD The
Connacht Province
was terrorized during this period by a group of tenant
farmers who combined their efforts and were known as the
"Houghers," who killed the cattle and
sheep, in protest against the Land Lords' reduction of farm land there on their
Estates, and their increasing use of pasture land
to try and remove the necessity for having any tenants
at all, and therefore taking away their opportunity to
continue to have any chance of maintaining
their livelihoods in Ireland.
1713 AD Despite the ongoing
religious and ethnic persecution still being carried out Malachy Dulaney
now
became the Catholic Bishop of
Ossory in Co. Kilkenny
in the south - west of Southern Leinster until 1731
AD succeeding
William Daton and as being an
adherent to the Ascendancy Church of
England / Ireland was now the only way to hold onto
Irish
land and obtain
Public Office, a great subtle conversion occurred
among the upper echelon
Anglo - Irish Members
of Parliament.
Jonathon Swift
at this time
left England and settled in
Ireland were he
was to become the
Ascendancy
Church of England / Ireland Dean until
1745 AD, at
St. Patrick's Church in
Dublin,
(which had been also previously taken over under
Henry VIII, during his confiscation
of the Institutions of the
Catholic Church.) At first Jonathon
Swift was to
concentrate initially on the preservation of the buildings and its
revenues and write his famous book on
Gulliver's Travels, but eventually he began to
become
aware of the ongoing oppression that was going on in
Ireland around him. He would then go on the attack against
the Ascendancy Establishment, and their constant
degrading treatment especially being meted out by the
English
Ascendancy Parliament and
the Anglo - Irish Ascendancy
Parliament on all of the people in
Ireland and because of the ongoing terrible situations prevailing
in Ireland, over which he could
gain no control, he was to over time suffer from
melancholia and eventually become
insane.
1714 AD Anne,
the
Stuart
English Queen who was to be the
last
of the Stuarts,
died, and
her younger sister who was also the third daughter of James 11
was overlooked, as she was married to a Catholic, and so as to
keep England
non - Catholic the
English
Ascendancy Parliament installed
German
George Ludwig 1st the Elector
of Hanover as their
new Ascendancy King of England and the Regium Donium was
reintroduced, but the Sacramental Test
was retained due to pressure from the
Ascendancy in the Church of England / Ireland
and this
German George and his son,
who would be the next George was to
use the revenues of
Ireland to
provide Pensions for their
mistresses, illegitimate children,
German
relatives, their
dependents, and for English
politicians as
bribery.
Although there were by now many
oppressive Catholic Penal Laws against them, the
Irish
Catholics still held to their faith
and continued to increase in numbers, and each
family tried to have
a
scholar
learning Greek
and Latin, although they knew
only too well that to be caught with an
Irish book of any type meant either their
death
or
destruction, so they were forced to hide them
in the ground, the surrounding stone
walls or in the walls of buildings.
John O Donnell originally from Co. Cork in Southern Munster had by now updated the "Annals of Ulster - of the 4 Masters" in Co. Kilkenny in the south - west of Southern Leinster, and had also held assemblies of Irish poets in peril of their lives.
The Irish forests were now also being continually ravaged of their timber for the benefit of the English Navy.
The amount of territory in Ireland now held by
Irish Catholics had fallen to
only
7 %
of Ireland,
which was by now basically the poorest parts of the land.
1715 AD
James Butler
the second English Duke of
Ormonde, who was a
Royalist, who had
also supported
William
of Orange was
now
Attainted for opposing the installation of German
George Ludwig 1st
in the rebellion that was carried out this year against his imposition in
England, and
he was to be exiled for the rest of his life and in
October Elections
were finally conducted for the
Anglo - Irish Ascendancy Parliament, since
German George 1st
had been installed, and in
November they
held their first Assembly.
The Mansion House was now constructed as the Lord Mayor's residence in Dublin in Co. Dublin in the north - east of Southern Leinster, and it would later on serve as a meeting place for the Irish Republicans in the early 1900's to then devise a means of eventually driving the British Imperial Government out of Ireland for good.
Ashford Castle was constructed at Cong in Co. Mayo on the Co. Galway border in the Connacht Province this year, which was later to become a Mac Guinness property.
1716 AD Bernard O Gara from the Heberian Cianacht Sept in Co. Sligo in the Connacht Province became the Catholic Bishop of Tuam until 1740 AD.
Castletown
Mansion
near Dublin
was constructed at
Castletown
in
Co. Kildare
in
Central Southern Leinster, by
William Connolly who became the Speaker
of the House in the Anglo - Irish Ascendancy Parliament and the
richest man in
Ireland of his time.
1717 AD Due to the ongoing oppression, by the merchants in control of the Ascendancy Parliament in England, especially the economic repressionin Ireland on all things Irish, regardless of religion, emigration was now to begin in earnest from out of the Ulster Province to America until the American Revolution.
Gustavus Hamilton,
the grandson
of Sir
Frederick Hamilton the original English
Planter
Undertaker for
James 1st, after the confiscation of the 3,500.000 acres of the
Dal Cuinn "northern"
Ui Niaill territories in 1608 AD,
who had his Estate in
the territory of
123.Conn O Niall in the
Ulster Province,
was created the
English Viscount
Boyne.
1718 AD The
Catholic
Archbishop of Dublin,
was arrested.
1719 AD Migration out of Ireland, up until now had been slow, but was increasing from out of the Ulster Province, and the Ascendancy Parliament finally seeing which way the wind was blowing, as far as to their previous useful supporters were concerned, so they passed an Act," To tolerate Presbyterians," and another Act " declaring its power at all times to make their own laws binding the people in Ireland," which together with the economic restrictions were by now pushing both the Irish Catholics and the non - Conformists further towards a common unity of purpose.
1720 AD
March:
The English Ascendancy Parliament
passed another English
Act to formalise the
authority of England over the
people of Ireland, giving them,
"The right to legislate for Ireland and
denied the Anglo -
Irish House of Lords
the right of
any appeal and these further impositions by those who were in total authority in
England increased all of the
public opinion against them further, whether they were
Catholic Irish or
non - Conformists, and the effect of all
this further oppression was beginning to to
produce a further feeling of Irish
Nationalism
in the whole of the population in Ireland. There already existed, due to the previous
oppression of England,
no
Irish trade and therefore no
chance of an income for
the population in Ireland, whether they were Catholic
or non -
Conformists and even the Church of England / Ireland
planters could do nothing against the ongoing
commercial oppression of
the English Ascendancy Parliament in England,
as even with their special position there, there was no popular resistance. This was to
eventually come in the form
of the Irish
Patriots who were
to be at first
Conformist and non - Conformist individuals,
who had been previously allowed the privilege of an
education
in Ireland, but who were nevertheless opposed to
the continual constrictions of the
Ascendancy and they were to eventually demand Constitutional Rights for
all the
population in Ireland, and were to also denounce
the never ending stand over tactics of the
English
Ascendancy Parliament although they were not to make much headway until the
1750's. In the meantime many means were
still taken
by the Ascendancy along the way to try and get
rid of them as individuals who were seeking reform and therefore their opposition, including the use of
bribery by
appointments. (Places - Placemen).
By this time not just satisfied to have nearly all the Irish population on there knees as a Nation the English Ascendancy Parliament went further still, making the Irish Revenue carry all the English Pensioners they could put on them, including the mistresses of the successive German English Kings and their illegitimate children, their German relations and any of the politicians who it was useful to bribe to assist their ongoing agendas. Even a Queen of Denmark, who had been banished for misconduct, was put on the Irish payroll together with a Sardinian Ambassador who operated under a false title, and there were also numerous Englishmen who were also to profit from this privilege. The expenses for this lecherous entourage grew from 30,000 pounds per year to 89,000 pounds per year, until it eventually amounted to 600,000 pounds, when the last yearly amount was sent over to England for the high living Absentees, their Pensions and their Government Annuities. The English Ascendancy Parliament's intention was to make the Anglo - Irish Ascendancy Parliament unfit to govern, and they in turn being skilfully manipulated tried to do the same to the general Irish population over whom they had the same authority of life and death. The English Government Militia were also increased in Ireland to ensure that both Ascendancy Parliaments maintained their continual monopoly over the law, the politics and Irish society, as many further injustices were yet to be inflicted on the people of Ireland with the Ascendancy Land Lords, together with their indivual agents, were also acting as the magistrates, grand juries, bailiffs and the lawyers, and it was to become so bad that even Jonathon Swift, the upholder of the Ascendancy Church of England position in Ireland, started to write his own pamphlets about the terrible injustices being carried out in Ireland. He was to put forward the proposition, using a a nom de plume, that the Irish should not purchase English clothes, and should burn everything that was English, except their coal. The Catholic Irish were by now joined by these further common injuries to many of the adherents to the Ascendancy Church of England / Ireland and the non - Conformists in Ireland by all of this continuing sweeping oppression from the English Ascendancy Parliament and their representatives in the Dublin Castle (The Devil's 1/2 acre) and the Anglo - Irish Ascendancy Parliament. The previous foreign planted population in Ireland, regardless of ethnicity or religion, were now becoming well aware that they were no longer Englishmen, but in their mind's eye were now thinking of themselves as Irishmen also, along with the Mere Irish.