RAINBOW FARMS    AUSTRALIA                                            

                                                                                                                                                     1891 - 1895 AD 

1891 AD The population in Ireland was now at 4,704 ,750.  

   The "Irish National Federation" was founded this year, to replace the British Imperial Government's previously banned and highly successful "Irish National League," which had stayed loyal to Charles Stewart - Parnell the leader of the Irish Parliamentary Party / I.P. Party, and Timothy Healy was by now the co - leader of the breakaway anti - Parnellites who was endeavouring to place his own supporters into the top positions in it also, and also into the Irish Parliamentary Party while  John Dillon who was also an anti - Parnellite opposed to Charles Stewart - Parnell was to be personally defeated in the next 3 bye - elections in Ireland.

October 2nd: Charles Stewart - Parnell, who was still only 45 years of age, was by now physically and mentally worn out by it all, and he collapsed and was to die on the 6th of this month, and he had been the only Land Lord to really come to the fore in the Irish Land League, and almost the only non - Catholic and his remains were to be returned from England in their casket, and carried head high in the rain from Westland Row Station to be interred at Prospect / Glasnevin Cemetery in Dublin were he now lies beneath a great boulder, with just one word, "Parnell," inscribed on it. John Redmond, who was to be the Irish Parliamentary Party M.P. for Co. Waterford in the south - east of the Munster Province until his death in 1918 AD, now became the new leader of the "Parnellite" minority of the Irish Parliamentary Party and he was to travel to America and Australia, where he was able to raise 30,000 pounds towards the goal of trying to bring in Irish Home Rule, and while he was away negotiations were also carried out to heal the split in the Irish Parliamentary Party. (During this period the "Cumann na Gaedheal," which were composed of Irish youthful patriotic clubs were also to be hostile to the Irish Parliamentary Party.)

      The Land War in Ireland continued on and the British Conservative Government's reprsentative in Ireland Arthur "Bloody" Balfour, extended the Irish Land Purchase Act, to further enable the tenant farmers in Ireland to buy back their Irish land, but it was still not going as well as they expected, averaging only 4,000 farms a year since it's introduction in 1885 AD, so they introduced the payment of the Annuities to the Land Commission to go to the credit of the British Treasury, but despite this also, from now on the average purchase of tenant farms in Ireland was to drop down even further to only 3,000 a year. The tenant farmers were still frikghtened and discouraged by the strict financial terms on offer, and the Land Lords in Ireland were also discouraged from selling, as they were not to be paid in cash, but in Land Stock redeemable in 30 years time, which were also subject to fluctuations on their market value. The British Conservative Government also introduced the Congested Districts Board under Commissioners, to assist the poor and the destitute in areas with a rateable value of less then 30 shillings a head of population in the 9 western Counties, extending from Co. Kerry in the south - west of the Munster Province up to Co. Donegal in the north - west of the Ulster Province.

1892 AD June: The British Conservative Government still under Robert Cecil / Lord Salisbury was dissolved this month, and new General Elections were called for the Westminster Parliament in England.

July: The new General Elections for the British Westminster Parliament were conducted, and the Conservative M.P.s who were still under the leadership of Robert Cecil / Lord Salisbury were reduced in number to 268 and the Liberal Unionists to 47, which meant that the Irish Parliamentary Party were now once again on the rise and would be able once again to have the opportunity to hold the balance of power at Westminster, despite the long ago prediction that they "would be lost in the numbers"" and during the election old wounds were reopened in the Irish Parliamentary Party, which ended any chance of reunification at this stage, while the clergy were still against the previous Parnellite minority who had stood by him in his hour of need. The Parnellite minority also had Charles - Stewart Parnell's previous repudiation of the Liberal alliance to contend with, and they were only able to win 9 of the seats in their own right while the previous anti - Parnellites, now under the leadership of Justin Mac Carthy in the Irish Parliamentary Party, on the other hand won 71 seats, but despite the strong showing they both now had no great leader, and the their openly public display of disunity was to weaken their political strength within the Westminster Parliament system. Although they were now basically split into 2 individual Irish parties, the Parnellite minority now under John Redmond, though they were small in number, still carried some weight, due to their position in the voting numbers in the Westminster Parliament itself, and because of this they were still able to bring pressure on the anti - Parnellite in the Irish Parliamentary Party  to perform.        

August: The 80 members in the Irish Parliamentary Party, although they were now divided, still had the numbers between them, despite the fact that they were not united, and once again they joined in with the Liberal Party, and William Gladstone the Scotsman and Statesman who was now 83 year of age, was once again re - elected the British Liberal Prime Minister for his fourth term, but he was only now to retain this important position for 2 years until 1894 AD.          

     A Convention was held in Belfast in Co. Antrim in the north - east of the Ulster Province, under the Duke of Abercorn, which symbolised the determination of the Ascendancy there to hold it's position against any chance of obtaining Irish Home Rule, and Major Frederick Crawford also founded the "Young Unionists" there in Ulster to fight against any further chance of the introduction of Irish Home Rule, and many local Unionist Clubs were to be established there because of this.

     Michael Davitt, the original founder of the Irish Land League, which had brought about great changes in the actual ownership of the land in Ireland, now became the M.P. for Northern Co. Meath in Northern Leinster. 

   John Morley, was to be once again appointed the British Liberal Government's Chief Secretary in Ireland until 1895 AD. 

   The non - Catholic Dissenters / Non Conformists, as opposed to the Ascendancy Episcopalian Church of England / Ireland adherents, became known now as the "Free Church Council."

     Douglas Hyde, who had been born at Frenchpark in Co. Roscommon in the east of the Connacht Province, who was a son of a Church of England / Ireland minister, was to eventually become the 1st President of Ireland in 1938 AD  and this year as an Irish Gaelic language scholar was to found the Gaelic League as a non - political association, for the study of all things Irish, and  was already fired up enough to make a public address on the "Necessity for the De - Anglicization of Ireland" as when he was young, he was to be exposed to Irish children due to his illness, and he had then learnt the Irish language due to their influence, and missed out on the usual non - Catholic Ascendancy upbringing, which had then bought him closer to the majority of the Irish population. 

   Sir Horace Plunkett who introduced rural co - ops into Ireland, became a Unionist M.P. 

1893 AD January: William Gladstone, now 83 year old re - assembled the new British Liberal Government in the Westminster Parliament.

February: William Gladstone, the leader of the British Liberal Government, introduced his 2nd Irish Home Rule Bill / Government of Ireland Bill for an Irish Parliament to be set up in Dublin, composed this time of 2 Chambers or Houses, with the Irish M.P.'s to be still represented in the Westminster Parliament, with the right to vote on all aspects, but English M.P.'s were not to vote on Irish internal matters, and one was to be a Legislative Council, made up of 48 Councillors, who where to be elected for 8 years by persons who held property to a value of 20 pounds, and the other chamber was to to be a Legislative Assembly, containing 103 members, who would be elected for a period of 5 years, with a change this time around where 80 members were to represent Ireland in the Westminster Parliament. The 2nd Irish Home Rule Bill was discussed during a fiery debate, which was to last 82 days in the British Westminster House of Commons.

April: Due to the anti - Irish Home Rulers playing on the emotions of the people in the Ulster Province, sectarian violence again broke out in Belfast in Co. Antrim in the north - east of Ulster, as the non - Catholics there once again attacked the Catholic Irish community and among those totally opposed to Irish Home Rule was the determined Edward Saunderson, who was now a Conservative M.P. for North Armagh in Ulster, who was also a hard - line anti - Catholic who had previously been a Whig Liberal member under William Gladstone, but had resigned over the Disestablishment of the Ascendancy Church of England / Ireland and he wanted to establish an Ulster Defence Force / UDF to resist the British Liberal Government.

July 12th: The Ulster "Orange Lodge" held a meeting, coming out vehemently against Irish Home Rule. 

September: William Gladstone' s 2nd Irish Home Rule Bill finally passed the British House of Commons by 34 votes, after being fiercely contested at all stages by the Conservatives in the British Parliament and the Ulster Unionists, as the committed Liberals and the Irish Parliamentary Party members were in the majority this time around and a week later the 2nd Irish Home Rule Bill was to be rejected once again by the Conservative controlled House of Lords, who though not elected themselves for Centuries had always had the last say / veto over any of the legislation to be passed in England. William Gladstone, was moved to comment at this time, that, "Without the Irish Land League in 1881 AD the 1st Irish Land Act would never have made it into the Statute Book in England," and he had to fully accept the defeat and he dropped the 2nd Irish Home Bill altogether, but despite their victory over the Bill itself, once again time was running out for the veto powers of the "unelected" Conservative House of Lords. The defeat of the 2nd Irish Home Rule Bill and the divisions in the Irish Home Rulers themselves, did not go over too well with the Clann na Gael / The Organization / Irish Americans in America, who were now perplexed with it all, and their subscriptions there in America began to drop off and the loss of their monetary support, further effected those Irish M.P.'s in the Irish Parliamentary Party who lived in London, as they depended on this revenue to survive, and they were now forced to think hard about reuniting the Irish Parliamentary Party, although by now Irish Home Rule was beginning to lose it's appeal.  

      The Gaelic League founded by Douglas Hyde who had been educated at Trinity College in Dublin,whose intention was to "De - Anglicize Ireland," by reviving the Irish language and unite all Irish men regardless of their politics or their creeds, and because of it's Gaelic centre it naturally also attracted and brought forth many Irish Nationalists and revived the Irish National "identity" and spirit in Ireland, besides creating further discussion for breaking off the Immoral Union with Britain and in the future it was to be eventually taken over by the Irish Nationalists, and was to subsequently assist in the creation of an Irish Nation once again, which would be free of British Imperial Government domination and oppression, and once again deep down Gaelic Irish in character. As a reward later on for this contribution to Ireland, he was to be elected the 1st President of Ireland in 1938 AD by the Irish population while other founders of the Gaelic League, were Eoin Mac Neill from the Ulster Province, and Father Eugene O Growney / Ma Carrghamhna, a Catholic priest, whose main purpose was to endeavour to save the Gaelic Irish language for future generations. Arthur Griffith, a Catholic from Dublin, was also a co - founder of the Gaelic League, who had been educated by the Christian Brothers, and he also joined the Irish Republican Brotherhood / I.R.B., and later on was to found the main catalyst for Irish Freedom in the shape of the political Sinn Fein Party (We Ourselves), although he was to originallybe in favour of retaining the British monarchy with 2 Irish Houses of Parliaments. He later also became the first Irish elected "President of the Irish Parliament / Dail Eireann / Irish Assembly" while Patrick Pearse, also from Dublin, who had an English father and an Irish mother, founded the Gaelic language school of St. Enda's at Rathfarnham, for the propagation of the Irish Gaelic language, and he was to become the overall leader of the 1916 Irish Easter Uprising for which his life and those of his compatriots was to be also forfeited by the British Imperial Government. This sickening drawn out action of ongoing executionss was to then lead on to the introduction of the "Irish Free State" and the removal of the British Imperial Government domination and oppression from 26 of the 32 Counties of Ireland, and eventually to the establishment of Eire / Republic of Ireland.  

1894 AD The Irish Trades Union Congress was held this year.

   The Irish Agricultural Organizational Society was founded, to co - ordinate the Co - ops originally introduced into Ireland by Sir Horace Plunkett the Unionist M.P., based on those in America, and to encourage further expansion until there were 800 Co - ops finally set up to assist the farmers in the rural areas in Ireland.  

   The Tau Cross, was re - erected on it's original site at Roughan, Killanaboy in Co. Clare in the north - west of the Munster Province by Dr. Mac Namara.  

   In desperation, and as a further example of the continuing encouraged existence of the "siege mentality" that still lingered in the Ulster Province, Major Frederick Crawford, the founder of the Young Unionists in Ulster, at this time suggested to Lord Ranfurly, that William Gladstone the aged British Liberal Prime Minister should be kidnapped.

March: William Gladstone, the British Liberal Prime Minister, who had by now made Irish Affairs important in the politics of Great Britain, resigned and the Liberal Party now came under new leadership of his Foreign Secretary, Lord Roseberry, who was a British Imperialist, and the Liberal Government in England was to now only last for 16 months, as they lost all sight of any further reform for Ireland.

1895 AD June: The British Liberal Government in England resigned under their new leader, Earl / Lord Roseberry.

July: In the General Election for the British Westminster Parliament in England, there was now to be a 152 majority by the formation of a Coalition of Conservatives and Liberal Unionists who were now known simply as the Unionists, under the leadership once again of Robert Cecil / Marquess / Lord Salisbury, who were to remain in power for another 10 years until 1905 AD, and they appointed Sir Gerald Balfour the second Earl of Balfour, the British Chief Secretary in Ireland until 1900 AD while the non - Catholics in the Ulster Province, were to continue to maintain their "defence organization" in case the Liberal Party should regain government in England and try and re - introduce Irish Home Rule. 

     Michael Davitt, the founder of the Irish Land League, now became the M.P. for South Mayo in the mid - west of the Connacht Province until 1899 AD. 

   The Congested Districts Board bought Clare Island in Co. Mayo for 5000 pounds, and divided it into individual farms.

   Timothy Healy, previously one of the breakaway anti - Parnellite majority in the Irish Parliamentary Party who were to soon be under the leadership of John Dillon, went against their majority decision, so they excluded him from their committee, and he and some of his followers were also expelled from the Irish National Federation.

   William Lecky, who was born in Dublin, and educated there at Trinity College, was the Dublin University Unionist M.P. until 1903 AD, whose family had been a branch of the Scottish Clann Mac Gregor, who had previously came into Co. Derry and Co. Donegal in Northern Ulster in the the mid - 17th Century AD, and were later in Co. Carlow in Southern Leinster and he had previously written the History of Ireland.

   Cannon Sheen, the novelist was appointed the parish priest of Doneraile in Co. Cork in Southern Munster. 

   Edward Carson the future Ascendancy Official Unionist leader in the Ulster Province, at this time, prosecuted Oscar Wilde.

   The Augustinian Catholic Church was constructed this year in Dublin. 

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