5,000,000 BC Sedimentary rocks were formed under the sea to become the basic foundation of the land mass that is now known as Ireland.

4,000,000 BC Ireland was to be finally formed by 2 individual land masses that were originally separate entities that were to come together under the cover of the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea, with one part drifting all the way up from the African region.

3,500,000 BC A Limestone base was then formed on these 2 combined submerged land - masses that were to become the terrain that is now Ireland.

3,200,000 BC Muddy Deltas and Swamps appeared on the overall Limestone base that was still submerged, and eventually Sandstone and the Coal deposits were formed to begin to create the beginning of the topography of Ireland.

2,500,000 BC The Mountains were created during this period in Ireland. 

2,000,000 BC Ice Age Glacial Interludes with periodic Warm and Cold periods began in Ireland.

500,000 BC The Gortian Interlude, which was a much Warmer Period occurred, which saw the introduction of trees and ground cover in Ireland, such as birch, fir, grass, heather, holly, elder, oak, pine and the yew trees creating the forests. In time when the Celts were to make their appearance in human history trees were to play a very important part in their Culture as their roots were in the Underworld, their trunk in this World and their branches were in the Heavens. The Oak tree was to represent protection from lightning, the Alder tree foundation as it was to be resistant to water, the Hazel tree represented wisdom, fertility, poetry and knowledge, the Birch tree represented purification or a broom, the Apple tree was to represent regeneration and eternal life, the Hawthorn tree was to represent holy ground against lightning, Blackthorn hedgerows represented protective spirits, the Bay tree represented preservation and healing, and the Willow tree flexibility and growth. The Juniper twigs were to be used against the Evil Eye, the Yew tree, which is nearly all highly poisonous, which would become the longest living tree in Europe represented life and death, the Elder tree was to keep away lightning, the Ash tree which was protective was to represent stability. 

200,000 BC The Munsterian Interlude, which was another Colder Period occurred that was to last for 70,000 years, which covered the whole of the surface of Ireland with Ice.

130,000 BC The Glenavian Interlude occurred which was another Warmer Period in Ireland, that was to last for 60,000 years.

125,000 BC Ireland finally became the overall land mass that it is today, with the surrounding Seas reaching their present level.

100,000 BC At this time there were great sheets of Ice still covering most of Northern Europe, and in the highlands and the lowlands of western France and Spain, the pre - historic hunters existing there were living in caves.

70,000 BC The Midlandian Interlude, which was another Cold Period occurred, that was once again to last for another 60,000 years and Ice Sheets covered the northern part of Ireland, while grasslands and woodlands covering the lower parts, and there were arctic fox, bears, giant elk, lemmings, reindeer, wolves and woolly mammoths existing in Ireland during this period.

38,000 BC Homo Sapiens (modern humans) were existing during this period in Africa and the Middle East.

37,000 BC The Hengelo Interstadial, which was another Warmer Interlude occurred, that was to last for 2,000 years.

35,000 BC The Hengelo Interstadial finally came to an end, and Homo Sapiens (modern humans) had by now become more dominant dispossessing the Neanderthals throughout Eurasia.

34,000 BC The Aurignacian Culture now appeared in France.

30,000 BC The Denekamp Interstadial, which was another Warm Phase, occurred, and early hunters were now existing also in Italy, Portugal, North Africa and Spain, (In modern times two graves from this period were to be discovered at Cueva Morin in Spain covered by mounds).

30,000 BC - 15,000 BC Sea levels were beginning to once again drop to 130 metres / 426’ and the land mass that was Ireland became part of Europe once more.

27,000 BC The Aurignacian Culture that had originated 7,000 years before in France disappeared, and it was to be replaced now by the Gravettian Culture. (The Denekamp Interstadial that had by now lasted for 3,000 years also came to an end, and the climate began to cool once more, especially in the - mid to high latitudes.

25,000 BC Homo Sapiens (new age man) during this period began their migration southwards, with some passing through Siberia and crossing over the land bridge of the Bering Straight into North America. (Remains of these original Humans have also been found at Lake Mungo in Australia were they where physically similar to the indigenous Australian Aborigines of today.

23,000 BC The Gravettian Culture was by now mainly centred on Central and Eastern Europe where they were hunting the Mammoths, and from there they spread out towards the west, and also to the south into Greece, Italy, the south of France, Spain, Portugal, Britain / Briton and eastwards as far as the Urals.

20,000 BC The land masses that are now known as the Brythonic Isles, which included, Alba / Scotland, Briton / Albion, Ireland and Wales / Cymru were now mainly covered in a thick sheet of Ice during the maximum expansion of the polar Ice Caps, and the sea levels were at 120 metres lower then they are today. (The Soltruean Culture now appeared in France, as opposed to the Gravettian Culture, which was elsewhere in Europe).