1537 - 1540 AD 

1537 AD The English enclave in Ireland, known as The Pale, surrounding Dublin now also took in the coastal region of Co. Dublin in the north - east of Southern Leinster, parts of Co. Meath in the south - east of Northern Leinster, Co. Louth in the north - east of Northern Leinster, and Co. Kildare in Central Southern Leinster. Henry VIII the Welsh Tudor English King this year had 40 of the most powerful Lords in Ireland submit to him in exchange for serfdom, with English titles to be granted to them personally as individuals and where now to be totally under his overall control. Among these were Conor  / The O Brian who became the first English Earl of Thomond / Northern Munster), 124.Conn Bacach / The O Niall the first English Earl of Tyrone / Tir Eogain  (The Land of 91.Eoghan) in the Ulster Province, The Anglo - Norman Barons Mac William / Burke / de Burgh of Galway in Co. Galway in Southern Connacht and Mac William / Burke / de Burgh the English Earl of the Clanrickard in the Connacht Province.

May 1st: Henry VIII the Welsh Tudor English King introduced his own system of English serfdom and land ownership into Ireland, and also had himself officially declared the Head of the Catholic Church of England, and had another Act passed to have all the Catholic Irish monasteries suppressed, and their territories confiscated to the English Crown, including Grey Abbey in Co. Down in the south - east of the Ulster Province while at Baltimore in Co. Cork in Southern Munster the Gaelic Ithian O Driscoll castles of Baltimore and Dunalong were totally destroyed, and there was also an O Driscoll Franciscan friary there on the border of Co. Cork and Co. Waterford. 

      The Heberian Dal gCais Chieftain Murrough O Brian who was also the Tánaiste / Prince / heir apparent who lived in the Inchiquin Castle also succumbed to Henry V111 as just another "survivor" and was to receive gifts of his Sept's territory and titles for his own personal family and his descendants in the future, if he gave up his Celtic Gaelic Irish rights in Co. Clare in the north - west of the Munster Province, but under the Irish Brehon Law these were not his to give up in the first place, but belonged as a whole to all of the Dalcassian Septs as a single body.

      The territory of the Gaelic Milesian Irian O  Farrells / O Ferrells in their kingdom of Annaly in Co. Longford in the north - west of Northern Leinster, which had been previously confiscated by the English Earls of Shrewsbury were now also taken confiscated personally by Henry V111 himself and the Irish Septs were also now to be forced to pay for the bed, keep and clothing of the garrisoned English Militaryforces in Ireland, as the previous English Military who had been sent over to Ireland had deserted due to the lack of receiving any of their pay.  

      Aed Dubh / Black Hugh O Donnell / The O Donnell the Heremonian Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niaill Cenel Conaill King of Tyrconnell / Co. Donegal in the north - west of the Ulster Province. died, who was the father of Magnus O Donnell, and also of Aed Bhuidhe - of the Yellow Hair O Donnell who was now the Prince / Tánaiste who would die in 1618 AD, and Magnus O Donnell in turn would be the father of Calvagh O Donnell who would die in 1566 AD who was to marry Catherine Mac Lean and produce another Aed O Donnell who would die in 1588 AD, and also Conn Garbh - the Rough O Donnell who would die in 1625 AD. Catherine Mac Lean was also to have a personal liasion with "England's Greatest Fear", 125.Shane O Niall - the Proud the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Cenel Eogain "northern" Ui Niaill Chieftain who would become The O Niall in his own right in the future who was to marry her after Calvagh O Donnell's death, and they were to produce 126.Aed Gavelach O Niall who would die in 1590 AD.

    Under the Irish Brehon Law 125.Shane O Niall as an Irish Prince / Tanaiste would be a rival to his nephew, 126.Aed Dubh / Black Hugh O Niall who would be the first English Earl of Dungannon, and the second English Earl of Tyrone, who would in the future also become The O Niall in his own right also after 125.Shane O Niall's death, realising by then his true Irish heritage, and take head on the constant "Slash and Burn" ethnic and religious oppression carried out in Ireland by Elizabeth 1st the illegitimate daughter of Henry V111 the Welsh Tudor English King who was to become the Welsh Tudor English Virgin Queen. 125.Shane O Niall would also produce 126.Art O Niall who was to die while attempting to escape from the English stronghold, the Dublin Castle (The Devil's 1/2 acre), with the young Aed Ruadh / Red Hugh - of Red Complexion O Donnell who were both to be imprisoned there for a very long period as hostages to ensure their father's submission to the English Crown or else.

    Magnus O Donnell, the Heremonian Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niaill Cenel Conaill King, was also to produce another Aed Dubh Oge - the Younger of Dark Complexion O Donnell who would also become The O Donnell in his own right who would die in 1600 AD whose first wife would produce Donnell O Donnell who would die in 1590 AD and his sister Siobhan O Donnell who was to become the second wife of 126.Aed Dubh / Black Hugh O Niall the previously mentioned first English Earl of Dungannon and second English Earl of Tyrone after being reared in England for an "English purpose." Aed Dubh / Black Hugh Oge - the Younger O Donnell would later on be married to Fionnuala / Ineen Dubh Mac Donnell from whom he was to produce the previously mentioned young Aed Ruad - of Red Complexion / Red Hugh O Donnell who would become The O Donnell also in his own right, and join in with 126.Aed Dubh / Black Hugh O Niall to try and bring to an end the never - ending ethnic and religious oppression that was ever constant under Elizabeth 1st. Aed Dubh Oge / Black Hugh - the Younger O Donnell's other daughter Fionnuala O Donnell was to marry Niall Garbh - the Rough O Donnell,while his other younger son who would be a full - brother to Aed Ruad / Red Hugh O Donnell who was to be a standout in his time, was to be Rory O Donnell who would die in 1608 AD as the last of The O Donnells whose own son, Magnus Oge - the Younger O Donnell would be killed by another Niall Garbh - the Rough O Donnell in 1691 AD.

       Aed Bhuidhe - of the Yellow Hair O Donnell and his brother Magnus O Donnell from the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Cenel Conaill Sept came into conflict with the sons of O Boyle who were also from the same Sept and Donegal Castle was then to be occupied by Aed Bhuidhe - of the Yellow Hair O Donnell and also many of the O Gallaghers / Ui Gallchobhair who were also from the same Sept who acted as the O Donnell's Marshalls were to be killed during the ensuing conflict. Aed Dubh Og - the Younger O Donnell, who was the son of the older Aed Ruadh - of Red Complexion O Donnell the son of Niall Garb - the Rough O Donnell the son of Turlough O Donnell - the Festive, who was now the Cenel Conaill King of Tyrconnell in the north - west of the Ulster Province, which also included at this time Co. Fermanagh and Lower Connacht, who was from the Cenel Moain and Inishowen in Ulster Province, died. Magnus O Donnell his son became the new Heremonian Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niaill Cenel Conaill King and in September he decided to  show his newly gained authority in these particular territories that were situated in the north - west of Ireland and also besieged Lower Connacht and devestated the whole region there including the kingdom of Carbury where the English Galls now had their particular confiscated Estates carved out from the Irish territories there. This  included the Irish kingdoms of Tireagh, Leyney, Corann and Tir Errill / Tir nAilello, and as he continued on his way back north into Ulster he also took O Hara Riabach the Heberian Cianachta Chief from his kingdom in Leyney in Co. Sligo as a hostage, while in the meantime Calvagh O Donnell besieged the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Ui Fiachrach Clann Awley / Amlaib Sept at Glenawley in Co. Fermanagh and also the Cenel nEogain O Canes / Kanes who had their particular kingdom in the north - east of Ulster just to let them know "officially" who was now in charge in Ulster.

      Conn O Niall the Heremonian Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niaill Cenel nEogain King plundered the territory in Trian Congaile also to express his personal overall authority in that particular region in the north - east of the Ulster Province, but while doing so his son was captured during the conflict at Belfast and he was forced to return home, but Niall Og - the Younger O Niall, the son of Niall O Niall, the son of Conn O Niall who was the Cenel nEogain Chief of Trian Congaile, died suddenly, and Conn O Niall then returned to Trian Congaile and recovered his son, and an all out conflict then broke out there over who now had the overall authority in that particular north - eastern part of Ulster also. Niall O Niall, the son of Aed O Niall, the son of Niall Mor - the Greater O Niall, the son of Conn O Niall, the son of Aed Bhuidhe - of the Yellow Hair O Niall, of Trian Congaile who was the Prince / Tanaiste there, was also killed by the Scottish mercenaries in that region.

     Sir Leonard Grey the English Justicar in Ireland for Henry V111 the Welsh Tudor English King besieged O Connor Faly the Heremonian Ui Laoghaire Ui Lughaidh Cu Corb King of Offaly who had his kingdom and territory in Co. Offaly in the north - west of Southern Leinster, demolishing Daingean Castle and killing many of the people there and then devastated the surrounding countryside, but O Connor Faly was to eventually recover his kingdom and territory back despite these destructive actions of the English Justicar and his own kinsmen the sons of Cathal Ruadh - of Red Complexion O Connor Faly, and he was then also able to capture some of their followers and seize the overall authority back in Co. Offaly.

     Cu Chonnacht Og - the Younger Maguire, the son of Cu Chonnacht Mor - the Greater Maguire, the son of Brian Maguire, the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Colla Da Crioch Chief of Fermanagh, was killed on Croghan Island in Loch Erne by the descendants of Thomas Maguire and Turlough Maguire, and his remains were interred on the Devenish Island of St. Molaisse and then later on in Donegal town and following on from this Gilla Isa O Flanagan and his son who had their territory at Toorah were killed also by his own kinsmen, and the whole of Co. Fermanagh was also now up in turmoil.

     Brian O Reilly, the son of Fergal O Reilly, from the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Breifne Sept who had their kingdom and territory in East Breifne in Co. Cavan in the south of the Ulster Province, was killed by Sir Leonard Grey's the English Justicar's men while they were plundering the Clann Mahon, and Cathair - the Surly O Reilly the son of Sean O Reilly the son of Cathal O Reilly, was also killed by them at the same time.  

     Teague Mac Kinnawe / Mac Kinneavy the son of Aed Mac Kinnawe the son of Aed Mac Conshnamha, the Muintir Kenny Chief, died.

     Eogan O Gara, the son of Diarmait O Gara the son of Eogan O Gara the son of Tomaltach Oge - the Younger O Gara, who was the Heberian Cianacht Chief of Coolavin in the Connacht Province, died.     

    Theobold Mac William Burke, the son of Ulick Burke, the son of Edmund Burke, the Anglo - Norman Baron died, and conflict also broke out between his family members.

1538 AD Aed Buidhe - of the Yellow Hair O Donnell who was now The O Donnell in his own right was one of the sons of Aed Dubh / Black Hugh O Donnell who had been the son of Aed Ruadh - of Red Complexion O Donnell, the Heremonian Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niaill Cenel Conaill / Prince / Tanaiste of Tyrconnell who had their main territory in Co. Donegal in the west of the Ulster Province, died at Killodonnell and Magnus O Donnell his brother now raided Lower Connacht re - taking Sligo Castle, and also went into the Mac Dermot's kingdom of Moylurg in the Connacht Province, which he devastated, and at Moygara his son, Niaill Garb - the Rough O Donnell was to be killed by a gun shot near Caislean Ui Ghadhra / O Gara's Castle and they then returned home leaving those who had now submitted personally to Magnus O Donnell alone.

    Niall O Niall, the son of Conn O Niall the son of Art O Niall, was killed during an attack on Omagh Castle by the son of Niall O Niall, who then demolished it so it could not be used again by the English Galls.

    Richard O Hogan who had been the Heberian Dal gCais Catholic Bishop of Killaloe in Co. Clare in the north - west of the Munster Province who had been previously transferred to Clonmacnoise Monastery, died.  

    The image of Mary at Trim, which had been venerated for ages in Ireland for healing all sufferers, and the Staff of Jesus in Dublin where it had worked wonders, had been burnt by the English Galls and there was now no Holy Cross or effigy of Mary and any other, which the English Galls did not also burn, and they set out to destroy all the religious Orders in Ireland, and the Pope and the Catholic Church excommunicated those English who were involved for the sacrileges they were carrying out under the direction of Henry V111 the Welsh Tudor English King who also demolished the smaller Catholic monasteries in Ireland and confiscated their territories to add further to his coffers, while suppressing the Maynooth College previously founded by Garrett Oge - the Younger Fitz Gerald, the recently deceased Anglo - Norman ninth English Earl of Kildare. 

   Richard Nugent / Nuinseann / de Nugent the Anglo - Norman English Baron of Delvin, the son of Christopher the son of James, died, who had his confiscated Estates in Co. Westmeath in the south - west of Northern Leinster.

   Kilkenny College in Co. Kilkenny in the south - west of Southern Leinster was founded by Piers Butler the Anglo - Norman eighth English Earl of Ormonde who was now also the first English Earl of Ossory.

1539 AD This year saw the ongoing suppression and confiscation of the other Irish Catholic Institutions and their territories in Ireland, which had been fervent centres of devotion, for no other reason than to further increase the personal revenues of Henry V111, who now went after the larger Catholic monasteries in Ireland to further increase his wealth, and Dunbrody Abbey in Co. Wexford in the south - east of Southern Leinster was among those suppressed and the Catholic Bishop (supervisor) there Alexander Devereux, took up the position as the Bishop of Ferns. St. Patrick's Church at Duleek in Co. Meath in the south - east of Northern Leinster was handed over to English "planters" there who were then in control of Drogheda, and the land of the Knights Hospitallers in Dublin at Phoenix Park composed of 2,000 acres was also seized, and the Book of Kells " The most Beautiful Book in the World" was also confiscated as English Crown property from the monastery at Kells / Ceanannus Mor in the north - east of Northern Leinster.

     Magnus O Connor the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Ai Siol Muireadhaigh Ui Conchobhair KIng raided Lower Connacht taking further tribute and hostages.

    Conn O Niall was in Co. Donegal at Easter, as Magnus O Donnell / The O Donnell the Heremonian Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niaill Cenel Conaill King of Tyrconnell, who had his main kingdom and territory in Co. Donegal in the west of the Ulster Province, had recently visited him a few weeks before, and due to the religious oppression and confiscation that was now taking place all over Ireland by the English under Henry V111 the Welsh Tudor English King , they both made a firm and strong covenant, and O Connor in Co. Sligo in the north - west of the Connacht Province made a mutual - treaty also, and they agreed to be excommunicated by the Catholic Archbishop of Tuam and satirised by three poets, if they broke it. Conn O Niall and Magnus O Donnell also combined their forces and raided and devastated the English Galls on the confiscated Estates they now held in the O Melaghlins / Mac Loughlins Heremonian Dal Cuinn "southern" Ui Niaill kingdom of Meath in Northern Leinster as far as Tara, taking great booty and also plundered Ardee. Sir Leonard Grey the English Justicar in Ireland for Henry V111 went after them with his English Galls from out of the towns and also Meath, and all of the English in Ireland and also men from all of their large fleets in Carlingford harbour, and they overtook the combined forces of the Gaels in the kingdom of Orghialla / Oriel at Belahoe, who then disbanded in disorder, and they captured Murtough Mac Guinness from the Gaelic Milesian Irian Sept in Ulster who they executed.

     Cormac Maguire, the son of Cu Chonnacht Maguire, who was now the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Colla Da Crioch Prince / Tanaiste of Co. Fermanagh, was killed by his brother's followers while his brother was present.     

     James Butler became the new Anglo - Norman English ninth Earl of Ormonde and the second English Earl of Ossory until 1546 AD, who was a son of Piers Butler the previous eighth English Earl of Ormonde and the first English Earl of Ossory, who had their confiscated Estates in Co. Kilkenny in the south - west of Southern Leinster.

1539 - 1551 AD Conor O Brian 111, the son of Turlough Don - of Brown Complexion O Brian the son of Teague O Brian, who had been the Heberian Dal gCais King of Northern Munster / Thomond for a very short time, died, and Murrough O Brian the Prince / Tanaiste / heir apparent, who was his brother, became their new and last Heberian Dalcassian Ui Bloid Ui Turlough Ui mBriain 57th King of Northern Munster / Thomond, and the Dal gCais Septs were now to be truly in great turmoil also as he was to be well and truly under the heel of Henry V111 the Welsh Tudor English King.    

1540 AD The O Donnells, who were the Heremonian Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niaill Cenel Conaill Kings who had their kingdom and territory in the north - west of Ireland and the Ulster Province, were finally forced to do homage also to Henry V111, as prior to this date, due to their particular isolated region in the north - west of Ireland, none of their Cenel Conaill Kings and Chiefs had ever paid homage to any of the English monarchs.

      Henry V111, the Welsh Tudor English King had achieved his goal in Ireland of disposing of the Fitz Geralds with Garret Oge Fitz Gerald the Anglo - Norman ninth English Earl of Kildare dying in the Tower of London, while his older son, Silken Thomas Fitzgerald had been executed by hanging at Tyburn along with his 5 uncles, and the real power of the Geraldine dynasty in Ireland was now gone, and although the Geraldine League had been formed to support his young son, Gerald Fitz Gerald, which had included the Old English / Anglo - Norman nobles and the Gaelic Irish Chiefs, it too had also collapsed, and submitted to Henry V111. (There would now be no Gaelic Irish Chief or King left in Ireland who would be strong enough to oversee the whole of the Irish Septs in Ireland). The Geraldine stronghold of Maynooth Castle in Co. Kildare in Central Southern Leinster had also been betrayed to the English by a foster - brother of Silken Thomas Fitz Gerald, who had been rewarded by the English authorities by cutting off his head also and when the surviving defenders in the Maynooth Castle had surrendered they too were put to death and the Maynooth Castle was then also confiscated to the English Crown.

      Teague / Tadhg Mac Dermott, a son of Rory Og - the Younger Mac Dermott, was now to be the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Ai Mac Diarmada King of Moylurg / Magh Luirg in Co. Roscommon in the Connacht Province until 1542 AD where he had his castle on Mac Dermott's Rock / Carraig Mheic Diarmada on an island in Loch Ce near Boyle.

     The Franciscan monastery at Clonroad in Co. Clare in the north - west of the Munster Province was taken at the command of Murrough O Brian, as the English authorities in Ireland now banned the remnants of the Catholic religious orders throughout Ireland, and they also destroyed the monastery at Monaghan in Co. Monaghan in Southern Ulster where they also beheaded the guardian there along with several of the other monks. 

     Leitrim Castle was constructed by Brian O Rourke the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin West Breifne King, and the kingdoms of Moylurg and the territory of the Gaelic Milesian Irian Muintir Eolais there in the Connacht Province was now split into 2 kingdoms, and The O Reilly and his son Conn O Reilly along with their followers from their kingdom of East Breifne were fighting against him, and as a result he was to devastate the kingdom of Moylurg later on also.

     Magnus O Donnell the Heremonian Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niall Cenel Conaill KIng attacked Donough O Donnell and Rory O Donnell, the sons of the recently deceased The O Donnell, but he gained nothing as they stayed where they were, and he also besieged the territories further south in the Connacht Province including the kingdom of Moylurg and Clanconway, plundering also the Curlieus Mountains and later went into Co. Fermanagh with Niall O Niall, the son of Art Og - the Younger O Niall, from the Heremonian Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niall Cenel nEogain Sept, who was now the Tanaiste / Prince of Tir Eogain / Tyrone and Colla Mac Donnell, the son of Alasdair Mac Donnell, and many of their Scottish mercenaries submitted also there. He passed on through The O Rourkes kingdom of West Breifne to the Curlieu Mountains again, were he cleared all the passes, including Belach Bhuidhe, and the Clann Mulrooney came and submitted to him and gave up hostages and the sons of the recently deceased The O Donnell, Donough Cairbreach O Donnell and Sean Luirg O Donnell were still in conflict with him operating from out of their fortress on a crannog in Loch Veagh from where they were raiding the surrounding countryside and Magnus O Donnell was to eventually kill Sean Luirg O Donnell and take Eicnechan O Donnell another son, and Donough Cairbreach O Donnell into captivity after destroying their crannog there.

     Donnell O Boyle / Ua Baoighill the son of Niall O Boyle the Heremonian Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niaill Cenel Conaill Chief, who had their kingdom and territory in Crioch Baoighilleach (O Boyle's Country) Tir Ainmireach and Tir Boghaine in Co. Donegal in the north - west of the Ulster Province where they were previously the Kings of the Clan Chindfaolad, was this year proclaimed their new Chief.

     Due to the ongoing wholesale ethnic and religious oppression now being carried out by Henry V111 the Welsh Tudor English King Teague O Meara from the Heberian Dal gCais Sept was to be the last Catholic Prior at the hospital at Nenagh that had been founded in 1200 AD by the Anglo - Norman Baron Theobold Fitz Walter / le butlier for the Augustinian Canons, when it too was confiscated by Henry V111 and given over to Oliver Grace / le Gros.

     John Lynch the last Heberian Franciscan Prior of the Waterford Friary in Co. Waterford was forced to surrender to the English Inquest conducted under the instructions of of Henry V111, and the Catholic Church property there also was confiscated.

      Richard and Thomas Mac William Burke,  2 sons of Walter Burke, the son of Richard Burke, the Anglo - Norman English Baron, were killed.

     Sir Leonard Grey, the English Justicar for Henry V111, who had committed great devastation in Ireland returned to England, and Antonius St. Leger was sent to Ireland to replace him.

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