Charles 1st - 1621 - 1625 AD
1621 AD Further Ascendancy Episcopalian Church of England "plantations" where planned again by the English authorities for Co. Leitrim in Northern Connacht, the kingdom of the Heremonian Dal Cuinn UI Briuin O Rourkes, Co. Laois and Co. Offaly in the north - west of Southern Leinster surrounding The English Pale and Co. Westmeath in the south - west of Northern Leinster, and Calvinist Huguenots from France also began arriving into Ireland up until 1641 AD for further increased "plantations" to try and add to the removal of the Irish Families from there.
Usher, the Church of England Ascendancy
Episcopalian Bishop,
was to be also installed in
the O Melaghlins / O Loughlins Heremonian Dal Cuinn "southern"
Ui Niaill kingdom of
Meath in the north - east of
Northern Leinster until
1624 AD where he was to have a
personal library
of
10,000 books, which were to
eventually end up being presented to the Ascendancy
Trinity College in
Dublin.
David Rothe
was to finally take the chance to set up as the Anglo -
Irish Catholic Bishop of
Ossory / Co.
Kilkenny in the south west of
Southern Leinster for the first
time since 1564 AD.
1622 AD Altogether
6 of the
9 Counties in the
Ulster Province were by
now "planted" with
13,000
Church of England Ascendancy Episcopalians and Calvinist inspired Presbyterian "planters", of which one half
were English
Ascendancy
Episcopalians
and the other half
from the Lowlands who were
Calvinist Presbyterians, with the
heaviest concentration being in
Co. Down and
Co. Antrim where
there were all up
7,500 Presbyterians and
Ascendancy Church of England
"planters"
installed with
Jones given three portions each of
2,100 acre
of confiscated
grants totalling 6,300 acres provided that he did not let the land, "To
any person or persons whatsoever, who were
Natives of
Ireland,
nor to any person or persons
that shall not have taken the Oaths of Allegiance and
"Religious Supremacy" to the English Crown."
Despite these particular further Irish Penal provisions, once again
instituted against the"general
Irish population, the English
Ironmongers Corporation had
127 sub - tenants of which
all but
9 were Mere Irish.
All
Catholic
Irish
were also
banned from moving into the
City of
Derry
in Co. Derry in the north - east of
Ulster, where they were already the
majority of the population, but were to be allowed in to
Belfast in
Co. Antrim in the north - east
of
Ulster, where they
were now the
minority of the population. James
1st's officious Undertakers in Ulster,
Sir Arthur Chichester
and
James Hamilton, also arranged for
further re - grants of vast tracks of
confiscated
Irish land around
Loch Neagh in
Ulster for
themselves, and were expected
to
expel the
Mere
Irish from out of there, but were lax in their approach as they
now naturally
depended on them
to work all of the vast
Irish territory they
now held in their own right under English Law.
Lionel Cranfield
the English Earl of Middlesex
assured the Duke Of Buckingham
in England that
Irish
revenues
could be further increased if they made use of the
ward system
in regard to the
minors, by rearing them as Ascendancy Church of England
Episcopalians, and then use their own discretion as to whether to grant them
their confiscated Estates back in Ireland, subject to the conditions they set out being fulfilled, and this
action was to have a
further great negative effect especially on the
Old English / Anglo - Irish
who were now mainly involved as landowners. One of the main minors who were
to be effected by this
ward system was
James Butler the young
twelth English Earl of
Ormonde who was to later become the
first Duke of Ormonde
in Co. Kilkenny in the south - west
of
Southern Leinster, after
taking the "Oath of Religious
Supremacy to James 1st" to retain those
confiscated Estates there.
Sir
Oliver St. John
/ Singen was recalled from Ireland to England,
and was succeeded by
Henry Carey
/ Lord Falkland who was also a
strong anti -
Catholic and anti
- Irish
proponent and he continued to govern Ireland in the same manner as his previous English
predecessors had done with much more of the same constant
ethnic and religious repression.
1623
AD Charles
the Prince of Wales,
the son of
James 1st
the first Stuart
English King, who would turn out to be even greedier than his father, went to
Madrid with the
English Earl of Buckingham to try and
arrange a marriage for
Charles himself to the young
Catholic daughter of the
Spanish King, who was still only
an infant who repulsed his
advances, and they returned to England
with a bloody mind set that was
ready to go to War at the very first opportunity against
Spain, and also to further increase their repression against
Catholics in general.
Michael
O Cleary
and
Conaire
O
Cleary
/
Ua Cleirigh (cleric)
who were descendents of
98.Guaire
Aidni a
previous
Heremonian Dal Cuinn "southern"
Ui Fiachrach 14th King
of Connacht,
together with two of the
Heremonian Dal
Cuinn Ui Briuin O Mulconrys,
began the writing of the
"Annals of Ulster
- of the Four
Masters" at
Bun Drowes in
Co. Donegal in the north - west
of the
Ulster Province comprising the history of the
Irish Septs and their
Tuaths (Family regions) from
2242 B.C.
until
1626
AD,
which is now available in
4 Volumes.
All Gaelic Irish names were now "banned" by James 1st the Stuart English King and now had to be also anglicized by English Law, for example Cleary was changed to similar sounding or meaning names such as Clarke, O Niall to O Neill, O Brian to O Brien and O Markahan / Ui Marcachain was changed to Markham, while many O's and Mac's were also dropped, and similar meaning English names such as Rabbitt and Rabbitte were used for Irish epithet names such as Cunneen, Cunneeny, Conheey, Cunnane and Kineen in Co. Galway, Co. Mayo and Co. Offaly, containing the Irish word coinin (rabbit), or Fox in Co. Offaly for Kearney, Mac Ashinah, Shanahy or Shinnock / Shinnagh (fox).
1624 AD
January:
James 1st the Stuart
English King now also proclaimed
once again
that all
Catholic
Irish
clergy were to get out of
Ireland within
40
days or else.
Donough
O Brien
the appointed fourth
English Earl of Thomond had
died, and
his male line was now carried on through his son,
Brian O Brien
and this branch of the family were now completely
non - Catholic and Ascendancy English and were also marrying
English women to
improve their personal and economic status further in England and
their financial positions within the merchants' English system of
the
Ascendancy Church of England.
George Calvert
who originally had come from
Yorkshire in England to
Ireland
was to be the English
first Baron of Ballimore, but he was to become a
Catholic and found a settlement at
Newfoundland, and also tried to
establish another in
Virginia
in America for all those being
ethnically and sectarian oppressed, but unfortunately
he died before he could complete his mission.
The wife of
Donough O
Connor from the Heremonian Dal
Cuinn
Ui Briuin Ai Ui Conchobair Sept in the
Connacht Province who had recently
died, erected a monument to him in the
Sligo Abbey in Co. Sligo
in the north - west of Connacht,
which is still there to be seen today.
1625 AD James 1st, the first Stuart English King, died, and his son the even more greedy Charles 1st became the second Stuart King of England, and with the Duke of Buckingham still as his advisor, was really determined to begin immediate hostilities against Spain.
The death of James 1st was to also delay the Ascendancy Church of England "plantation" of the Connacht Province for the time being, as it was to be abandoned under the future promised English "Graces" that were to be offered by the over avarious Charles 1st, for great personal monetary advances intended to be aquired by him, but it would still be resumed 13 years later with 3,000 pounds required to register the title to their "confiscated" land, which due to this sizeable amount at that time simply did not occur, and this was to also mean that the titles of the 5 Western Irish Counties west of the River Shannon in Connacht in Ireland in the future would be called into question under English Law. Sir William Parsons and other English Commissioners would be let loose on Connacht and Charles 1st would also lay claim to Co. Mayo, Co. Roscommon and Co. Sligo where he was to use packed, bribed and intimidated juries.
March:
Charles
1st
the second Stuart English King along
with the Duke of Buckingham desperately wanted to declare War on
Spain, but he was
financially unable
to do so without the backing of the English
Ascendancy
Parliament, which he did not want to bring together in case they gave
him any further personal problems.
October: Just like his father before, Charles 1st the second Stuart English King was to always be desperate for money, and to this end he advised Henry Carey / Lord Falkland to stop imposing Recusancy fines on the Catholic Irish to try and increase his popularity in Ireland, as he intended to increase his revenues there in another way, by obtaining guarantees from them, for large monetary amounts, but this particular reasonable proposal did not proceed due to the protests from those who were well and truly in power in the Ascendancy.
To
ensure that
Irish Genealogies
and
Irish History
was retained against the constant English
"annihilation of all things
Irish"
many Irish historical centres were now being organized, including a
Franciscan College
by the Anglo - Irish monk,
Luke
Wadding from
Co. Waterford
in the south - east of the
Munster Province, who
set one up at St. Isodore's Church
in Rome where he was there with
the Irish philosopher,
Duns Scotus, and any of the
Irish manuscripts, which were still
in existence, and not in the hands of the English
were
collected of Irish historical knowledge for future generations, and as he also had his own printing press, this allowed the
History of Ireland to
be spread back into
Ireland, and many
other Countries, Other Irish
History centres existed also at
Louvain in France, and
even in
Ireland itself.
Liscarroll Castle, originally constructed by the Anglo - Normans around 1280 AD in Co. Cork in Southern Munster, was also confiscated this year by Sir Philip Percival, an English Lord, but it is now, like so many others, only a ruin.
Niall Garbh - the Rough O Donnell, died, who was a son of Calvagh O Donnell who had died in 1566 AD and Catherine Mac Lean, and in turn Calvagh O Donnell's father was Manus O Donnell who had been The O Donnell, a son of Aed Dubh O Donnell who had died in 1537 AD.
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