1181 - 1190 AD
1181
AD
Hugh de Lacy the Anglo Norman Baron
who was acting for Henry 11 in Ireland and who had married the
daughter of
*115.Rory O Connor the
56th King of Connacht and
183rd King
of Ireland founded a Priory for the Canons Regulars at
Duleek in Co. Meath in the south
- east of
Northern Leinster and also constructed the Castle Dermot in
Co. Kildare
in Central Southern Leinster,
and two miles to the south
- east of there are the ruins of Ballymoon Castle and o
1182 AD 110. Donnell Mor O Brian the Heberian Dal gCais Ui mBriain King of Northern Munster / Thomond who was the 47th King of Munster constructed a Cathedral and also founded Kilcooly Abbey in Co. Tipperary in the north - east of the Munster Province for the Cistercian monks, and this is where the remains of Piers Butler who was to be the English Earl of Ormonde, together with his parents and his son, are interred and the Holy Cross Abbey in Co. Tipperary was at this time also taken over by the Cistercian Order, from the Benedictine Order.
Despite
Henry 11's proclamation that his Anglo - Norman Barons were not to
socialize with the
Irish Septs, personal moves were afoot by the Anglo
- Norman Barons to consolidate their
own family connections with the main Irish Septs
and vice versa wth William de
Burgh /
de Burgo / Burke, marrying the daughter of
110.Donnell Mor
O Brian the Heberian Dal gCais
Ui mBriain
47th King
of Munster and he also constructed a castle at
Borough / Borrisoleigh in the territory of the
Heberian Ui Luigheach Sept in
Co. Tipperary in the north - east
of the Munster Province
where the remains are still there to be seen today and to the north - west of
there is an inscribed table tomb of the de Burghs / Burkes themselves in the ruins of the Glankeen
Church.
Dermott
Mac Carthy
the Heberian Eoghanacht Chaisil King of
Southern Munster / Desmond /
Des Mhumhain
/
Southern Munster
had
also
married the daughter
of Thomas Bluet
/ Bleutt / Blewitt another
of the the
Anglo - Norman Barons,
whose descendants can still be found in that region in
Co. Cork and also nearby in Co. Limerick.
The
Anglo - Norman Barons began the construction of the actual township of Kilkenny
in Co, Kilkenny /
Ossory in the south - west
of Southern Leinster along
with all of the other
settlements towns now
in the possession of the other many Anglo - Norman Barons
who had Estates that were now set up there in a region that was mostly made up of meadowlands
and the monks at the
Cistercian Abbey of
Dun Brody in
nearby
Co. Wexford in the south -
east of Southern Leinster
gave all
of their land, previously taken back from
Strongbow 11 by
Henry
11, to the Abbot of St. Mary's Refuge in Dublin, who
then built an Abbey there with a right
of Sanctuary.
The
O Canes / O Kanes
/ Ui Cahans, who were the Heremonian Dal Cuinn
"northern"
Ui Niaill
Cenel nEogain Chiefs who had their territory in the north - east of the Ulster
Province, constructed an
Augustinian monastery this year at Dungiven in
Co.
Derry, while another
Cistercian Abbey
was also built at Boyle in Co. Roscommon
in the east of the
Connacht Province.
1183 AD *115.Rory O Connor the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Ai Siol Muireadhaigh / Sil Murray Ui Conchobair 56th King of Connacht and 183rd King of Ireland was totally disheartened by the continuing onslaught and encroachments by the Anglo - Norman Barons, and also by the fact that his own sons had now turned against him, so he retired to the Cong Abbey in Co. Mayo in the mid - west of the Connacht Province were he was to stay for the next 15 years until he was to die a natural death in 1198 AD leaving all of the Irish Gaelic Septs basically leaderless. They were to now have no real overall Gaelic Milesian Irish leader in Ireland and great internal turmoil would now occur between the O Connor Siol Muireadhaigh / Sil Murray Ui Conchobair Septs in a never ending struggle just for overall authority in Connacht alone, which would eventually lead on to the eventual loss of the O Connors having any further relevance at all in Ireland.
Bec O Hara
the
Heberian Cianacht King
of
Northern Connacht
was killed by
Connor Dermody (Darmody)
at Loch mac Feradach.
1184 AD Hugh de Lacy, the Anglo - Norman Baron, who had been allotted the O Melaghlins Dal Cuinn "southern" Ui Niaill kingdom of Meath / Midhe in Ireland by Henry 11, the Norman Angevin English King, constructed another castle to the west, to strengthen his position against the various Irish Septs there at Killare / Cill Air in Co. Westmeath in the south - west of Northern Leinster.
1185 AD Sir Henry de Leon / Dillon / Diolun, the Norman Breton Baron, was to be the first of that name in Ireland, whose descendants were to eventually form into 3 branches, was initially allotted Estates in the O Melaghlins Dal Cuinn "southern" Ui Niaill kingdom of Meath / Midhe in Co. Meath, Co. Westmeath and Co. Longford, and they were also to settle into the adjacent nearby kingdom of the Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Septs in the Connacht Province on the western side of the River Shannon into Co. Roscommon in the east and Co. Mayo in the west.
With *115.Rory O Connor the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Ai 183rd King of Ireland now permanently out of the way, and the Irish Septs without a nominated Tanaiste / heir apparent or elected overall leader of their own, Henry 11 the Norman English King was to send over to Ireland his youngest son, Prince John "Lackland" who was now only 19 years of age who he had created a Norman knight, and gave him 300 Norman knights of his own to take with him, intending that he would become the English King of Ireland. John Comyn who was the newly appointed Anglo - Norman English Catholic Archbishop of Dublin was sent ahead to prepare the way for him, and Lucius 111 the Pope in Rome was petitioned to make him the "official" new King of Ireland, but it did not happen as expected. Ralph Glanville who was now Henry 11's Justiciar in England was to see him off, and he was to be accompanied by Gilbert Pipard / Peppard and Bertram de Bheardun / Verdon 2 Anglo - Norman Barons, while Theobold Fitz Walter le Buitleir - the butler was to be his close companion, along with William de Burgh the direct ancestor of the Mac William Burkes. He was also accompanied by a large English military force, and on arriving was advised that 110.Donnell Mor O Brian the Heberian Dal gCais Ui mBriain 47th King of Munster was now the leader of the most formidable Irish Sept in Ireland, so he first laid siege to him and his Dalcassian warriors who nevertheless were able to defeat this formidable Gall / foreign contingent that he had brought along with him. This initial defeat of these particular foreign English Galls by the Heberian Irish Septs went a long way to create a severely frustrated Prince John "Lackland", who had been hoping to stand out as the overall English leader of authrity in Ireland, but due to this personal defeat and also other personal factors, especially his arrogance towards the Anglo - Norman Barons, who were already well set up in Ireland during the 8 months that he was now to spend in Ireland, not one Irish Chief or Irish King was to come forward and submit to him.
Hugh de Lacy the Anglo - Norman Baron who Henry 11 had left in control of the O Melaghlins' Dal Cuinn "southern" Ui Niaill kingdom of Meath / Midhe in the south of Northern Leinster, was still the most pre - eminent Norman Baron in Ireland who by now also had many Irish allies and this was to convince Prince John "Lackland" that Hugh de Lacy was the one who was responsible for him not attaining the high status that he deserved of becoming known as the King of Ireland and he would carry this belief with him in the many years that lie ahead and seek his opportunity when it was to arrive to take his revenge on him for this despite the fact that he had personally passed over the other Anglo - Norman Barons. He had tried to achieve control in Ireland just for his own retinue, while constructing his own castles at Ardfinnan, Lismore and Tibberaghny in the Munster Province, castles that were all to be well away from Hugh de Lacy's influence in Meath / Midhe, and he also constructed others around Waterford in Co. Waterford against the dominant influence of 110.Donnell Mor O Brian the 47th King of Munster. Due to his continuing Norman Angevin arrogance and any lack of prudence or statesmanship he was to disregard the Irish Septs also altogether, and made further land allottments in Ireland against the interests of his perceived Irish nemesis, 110.Donnell Mor O Brian of more of the Heberian Dal gCais territory in Mogha's Half in Co. Clare, Co. Limerick and Co. Tipperary in Thomond / Northern Munster. He also allotted adjoining territory in nearby Co. Offaly in the north - west of Southern Leinster to his personal cohorts, Theobold Fitz Walter - le buitleir, William de Burgh and Philip le Worchester. These present allottments were carried out in a desperate effort to try and improve his own immediate lagging profile in Ireland, and especially so in opposition to the continuing strength of the Heberian Dal gCais Ui mBriain Sept in Mogha's Half under 110.Donnell Mor O Brian.
Further to the north, above the O Melaghlins' Dal Cuinn "southern" Ui Niall kingdom of Meath / Midhe, which was under the control of his other perceived nemesis, Hugh de Lacy the Anglo - Norman Baron who was acting for his father, Henry 11, he also allotted further Irish land to Bertram de Bheardun / Verdon the Anglo - Norman Baron who was his personal acting Lord Marshall and to Gilbert Pipard / Peppard another of his Anglo - Norman Barons, and still later on he also added to these by further allottments in Co. Louth, which was even further north, but still in the north - east of Northern Leinster, and also the Irish Septs territories in the kingdom of Orghialla / Oriel belonging to the Heremonian Dal Cuinn 3 Colla Septs in Co. Monaghan and Co. Armagh in Southern Ulster. Once again the only condition to secure these territories was that they had to annihilate the Irish Septs in those regions and occupy the territory on his behalf and further down in Southern Leinster he also united Glendalough in the south - east in Co. Wicklow with the See in Dublin in Co. Dublin in the north - east.
Henry 11 on
becoming aware of Prince John "Lackland's ongoing failures
recalled
him back to
England. (Gerald of
Wales
was also 'to be among his retinue who was to write a book about Ireland.)
Prince John "Lackland" was to depart from Ireland on September 17th as a very disappointed
imitation of a ruler, with the melancholy
realization of what he had actually achieved, nothing, while the Pope
Lucius 111 had also refused to allow him to be acknowledged as the King of
Ireland he had given him the the title of Dominus Hibernia
/ Lord of Ireland
only, and in reality his whole expedition into Ireland had ended
up as a
complete fiasco. Despite Prince John "Lackland's"'s overall failure to assert his
authority in Ireland, once again, there had
been numerous
English confiscations of further Irish
Septs
territories with violence to follow, while he had continued to hand out Irish
territory to his
personal Anglo - Norman supporters. These territories had been held by the many individual Irish Septs under the
Irish
Brehon Law on behalf of all of their Sept, who were totally reliant on the
aristocratic warriors among them
leading any of the particular Irish Septs.
Theobold
Fitz Walter - le buitleir, Prince John's personal butler, was
to found the English Butler family in Co. Kilkenny
/ Ossory
in the south - west of Southern Leinster, who later
on were also to become the English Earls of Ormonde,
after he had previously allotted him the eastern part of the old
Heberian Eoghanacht kingdom of
Limerick
/ Luimneach which was nevertheless ever to be realised.
Despite this, the Butlers later became dominant in the kingdom of
Ormond
/ Aur Mhumhain
/ North Eastern Munster),
which also overlapped territory in
Co. Kilkenny and nearby
Co. Tipperary
in the north - east of the
Munster Province, the original territory of the
Heberian Dal gCais
Ui Bloid Ui Turlogh O Kennedys
descended from
105.Duncan
/ Donncuan, an older brother to
*105.Brian Boru - of the Tributes who had been the
175th High King
of Ireland.
Donnell Mac Gilla Patrick / Fitz Patrick, the Heremonian King of the Ui Laoghaire Ui Connla Sept who had their territory at Ossory / Co. Kilkenny in the south - west of Southern Leinster, died this year.
John de Courcy, the Anglo - Norman Baron, who now personally controlled the territory by force of arms in the Heremonian Ui Cobhthaigh Dal Fiatach kingdom of Ulaid in the east of the Ulster Province, this year allotted the Abbot of Downpatrick in the south - east of Ulster the right to the fees of the Ferry that was operating there.
110.Donnell Mor O Brian, the Heberian Dal gCais Ui mBriain King of Thomond and 47th King of Munster, acting once again in his own personal interests and still more then ever anticipating gaining the overall Kingship of Ireland then played right into the hands of the Anglo - Norman English Barons who had convinced him that they would assist him to gain greater overall authority by combining with him into besieging his Irish opposition to the overall position of the Gaelic Kingships in the form of the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Ai Siol Muireadhaigh / Sil Murray Ui Conchobair O Connor Sept who were by now in total disarray over who now had the overall authority in their own personal kingdom in the Connacht Province due to the disinterest of *115.Rory O Connor the last and 183rd King of Ireland. After the Anglo Norman Barons pandered to 110.Donnell Mor O Brian's wishes they then engaged their "switching policy," by siding with the O Connor Chiefs also against him and plundered his territory in his Ui mBriuin kingdom of Thomond / Northern Munster and his fortress at Killaloe in Co. Clare, in the north - east of the Munster Province, destroying the churches and the residences there. The Anglo - Norman Barons were to now continue on with this successful "switching" policy, going from one Irish Tuath / Family region to the other, which continued to divide and stifle any chance of unity by any of the remaining leading Irish Septs, and also severely reduced the number of Irish aristocratic warriors in each of the Septs to continue the resistance and this game of "divide and conquer" only further weakened the Irish position due to the ever declining number of their actual aristocratic warriors, which naturally suited the English purpose and was also to reduce the aristocratic warrior gene bank in the Irish Septs in the future.
John de Courcy,
the
Anglo - Norman Baron,
who was now well and truly set up in
the
Heremonian Dal Fiatach
kingdom of
Ulaid
in the east of the Ulster Province,
now made a tactical
error, when he set out from the territory there in
Ulster
now under
his control, with an expeditionary army to attack the
Irish Septs further out and crossed over the River Shannon to the
west into the
Dal Cuinn
Ui Briuin Ai
Siol Muireadhach
/ Sil Murray
Ui Conchobair
O Connors' kingdom in the
Connacht Province with a huge force of
foreign Galls. All this attack did was to
ensure that
110.Donnell Mor O Brian,
the Heberian Dal gCais
47th King
of Munster,
and the
Heremonian Dal Cuinn Ui
Briuin Septs in the
Connacht Province
would combine their forces once again
to resist this particular onslaught and these 2
important Gaelic Milesian Irish Septs
after gathering there together
besieged the Anglo - Norman foreign Galls in the Corlieu
Mountains in the territory of the Dal Cuinn O
Rourke Ui Briuin Breifne kingdom of West Breifne in
Co. Leitrim in Northern
Connacht, and thoroughly defeated them.
1186 AD Rory O Laverty / Ruaidri Ua Laithbheartaigh was now the Heremonian Dal Cuinn "northern" Ui Niaill Cenel nEogain King of Aileach and the Tanaiste / heir apparent of Tir Eogain / Co. Tyrone in the Ulster Province against the ongoing conflicting interests of his close kinsmen the Cenel nEogain Mac Loughlins and the Cenel nEogain O Nialls.
Hugh
de Lacy, the Anglo - Norman Baron,
who was now in complete control by force of the O
Melaghlin's Dal Cuinn "southern" Ui Niaill
kingdom of Meath / Midhe
in the south of Northern
Leinster, acting for Henry 11
the Norman English King, was
to meet his end quite simply, when he
was
killed by a single
Irish man for
desecrating
94.St.
Columbcille’s Church at
Durrow in
Co. Offaly
in the north - west of Southern Leinster,
were he was
intending to construct another castle on this most revered site.
William de Burgh / Burke the Anglo - Norman Baron, had previously married a daughter of 110.Donnel Mor O Brian the Heberian Dal gCais King of Northern Munster / Thomond who was also the 47th King of Munster, which had given him a leg up in Ireland, but also muddied the waters for the other Gaelic Kings as because of this particular family connection he also gave him permission for the foreign Galls to construct a castle on the River Shannon estuary, in his own interests as protection against his Heberian kinsmen who were his Eoghanacht opposition im Nunster, the Mac Carthys who had their territory nearby in Co. Kerry in Desmond / Southern Munster.
The
English Norman Barons in
Ireland who were supposed to be acting for Henry 11
the Norman English King, were centred around
Dublin
in the north - east of Southern Leinster,
where the region there would become more commonly known as
"The English Pale,"
Raymond
Le Gros
Fitz Gerald,
the Cambro - Norman Baron, who had initially assisted Strongbow 11 with
the beginning of the Anglo - Norman Invasion died this
year, and was
buried at Molana Abbey in Co. Waterford in the south -
east of the Munster Province,
and was to become the direct male line ancestor of the Grace families in
Ireland.
1187
AD
John de Courcy, the Anglo - Norman Baron,
who controlled the Heremonian Dal Fiatach kingdom of Ulaid, by force, in the the east of the Ulster Province,
founded
the Inis Courcy Abbey on the
River Quoile near Stangford Loch / Loch Cuan in Co. Down
in the south - east of Ulster and bought over
further Cistercian monks from Furness Abbey in Lancashire
in England and installed them there.
1188
AD Brian O Brian
from
the Heberian Dal gCais Ui mBriain
Sept founded
a Cistercian Abbey at Abbey Feale in Co. Limerick
in the mid - north - west of the Munster Province
this year,
where the
Fitz Gerald
Cambro - Norman Barons
were to eventually construct Port Rinard Castle
there near the River Feale.
1189 AD As a sign of worse things to come 117.Cathal Carrach O Connor was killed this year, who was the son of 116.Conor Maenmaige O Connor the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Ai 57th King of Connacht, who would also meet his end this year, which would bring to a conclusion their legitimate aristocratic warrior particular direct male line to the Kingships from his father, *115.Rory O Connor the last 183rd King of Ireland, which would create further untold turmoil in the Connacht Province as 115.Cathal Crobhdhearg - of the Red Wine Hand O Connor would now become the intermittent Ui Briuin Ai 58th King of Connacht - with opposition until his demise in 1224 AD. He was was an illegitimate son of *114.Turlogh O Connor who had been the 55th King of Connacht and 181st King of Ireland, and a half - brother to *115,Rory O Connor who had been the 56th King of Connacht and the last and 183rd King of Ireland after the Anglo - Norman Invasion.
The
Heberian
Septs under 110.Donnell Mor O Brian in their on going resistance in the
Munster Province to the
continuing Anglo - Norman confiscation of their territories there, destroyed Prince John’s Castle at Lismore in Co.
Waterford
in the south - east of the Munster Province where the
Irish Catholic Bishops of Lismore
were to take up residence later on.
William
le Mareschal -
the Marshall who was
the Marshall of England, and now also the English appointed Earl of Leinster,
due to his marriage to
Isabelle /
Isabella, the daughter of
Strongbow 11 and 114.Aoife
/ Eve the daughter of
113.Diarmait Mac Murrogh na Gall - of the Foreigners, who had been given to him in marriage by
Henry 11, the Norman English King
and he named the area there at New Ross in
Co. Wexford
in the south - east of
Southern Leinster, "Nova Villa Pontis,"
1190 AD The monks from the Cistercian Order this year honoured the canonized Irish Saint, St. Malachy O Morgair, for whom they had very high esteem, and on whom they had worked vigorously to have previously canonized by the Pope in Rome.
The Anglo - Norman Barons, under John de Courcy, this year constructed another castle at Carrickfergus / Carraig Fheargusa (The Rock of Fergus) in the previous Heremonian Dal Riada kingdom and Heremonian Dal Fiatach Ulaid kingdom at Belfast in Co. Antrim in the north - east of the Ulster Province.
Maurice Fitz Thomas Fitz Gerald the Anglo
- Norman Baron, also constructed a castle at Killorglin in
Co. Kerry in the south - west of the
Munster Province and gave it over to the Knight Templars in the original territory of the
Heberian Eoghanacht
Sept of the
O Moriartys / Ui Murtogh,
who had been previously driven out of there by their
Eoghanacht Chaisil kinsmen, the
Mac Carthys, who were then
later to be driven
out themselves from there by the Anglo - Norman Fitz Geralds
and Miles de
Cogan,
another
of the Anglo - Norman Barons, also took possession of the district of
Kinsale in
Co. Cork in
Southern Munster, which
was to be later
passed on by a marriage to the de Courcy
Anglo - Norman Barons,
who were to construct the castle there.
110.Donnell
Mor
O Brian
the Heberian Dal gCais
Ui mBriain King of Northern
Munster
/ Thomond and
47th King of Munster
began the building of
St. Mary's Cathedral in Limerick in
Co. Limerick in the mid - north - west
of the Munster Province, which also contains part of his royal fortress in the shape of a
cross, and it too would be another of the Irish
Catholic Institutions to be taken over by the Ascendancy Church of Ireland /
England at the confiscation of all the Irish Catholic
churches,
Institutions and lands by
Henry V111
in the 16th Century AD.
110.Donnell Mor O Brian
was
also to found Killone Abbey nearby on the banks of Killone Loch in Co. Clare
on the western side of the River Shannon in the north - west of the
Munster Province.
115.Cathal Crobhdhearg - of the Wine Red Hand O Connor who was now the Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Ai 58th King of Connacht - with opposition founded the Cistercian monastery of Abbey Knock Moy in the north - east of Clare Galway in Co. Galway in Southern Connacht in honour of his defeat of Almericus St. Lawrence, the Anglo - Norman Baron, at Athassel in Co. Tipperary in the north - east of the Munster Province, which is now also just a ruin.
William de Burgh / Burke the Anglo - Norman Baron, also founded an Augustinian Priory and was to be interred there himself when he died.
The Anglo - Norman Barons, also built St. Audeon's Catholic church in Dublin in Co. Dublin in the north - east of Southern Leinster in honour of St. Audeon the patron saint of Rouen in France, which became the first Parish church and later on during the confiscations of all the Irish Catholic Institutions by Henry V111 in the 16th Century AD, it also was taken over by the Ascendancy Church of Ireland / England.
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